Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

EN4118 Oldberry Castle, Somerset (Oldbury Castle)

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Exmoor National Park MSO9326 (None)

NMR:  ST 92 NW 4 (36531)

SM:  1006168

NGR:  SS90932820

X:  290930  Y:  128200  (OSGB36)

Summary

Univallate, partial contour hillfort located high on summit of NE-facing promontory overlooking marked meander of River Barle to NE, on SW edge of Burridge Wood, c. 1.5km to NE of Dulverton in Exmoor National Park. Steep to precipitous wooded surrounding slopes around site from NW to SE, less up ridge to SW. Overlooking river, similar to Cow Castle (Atlas No 4112 ) upriver and Mounsey Castle at Dulverton (Atlas No 4119). Very badly damaged by ploughing and now survives differentially as an elongated oval originally c. 219m long and 91m at broadest part, with internal area c. 1.3ha. Formerly defined by a single rampart and ditch, former now best on NE into woodland and above precipitous slopes, standing c. 2m high above a largely buried ditch, elsewhere little visible and now scarp above similar ditch (just visible at W corner) within massive hedgebanks and outside field wall on circuit, with cultivated interior. Possible simple entrance to NE giving access to spine of ridge running down to the NE, but unclear. Interior under continuous cultivation. Wooded surrounds from NW to SE. On 1st Ed. OS map (1889-90). Few investigations. Undated.

Status

Citizen Science:  ✗

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -395989  Y:  6628852  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -3.5572273802022143  Latitude:  51.04271135989583  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  England

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Somerset

Historic County:  Somerset

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Dulverton

Monument Condition

Much badly damaged apart from at NE end of site.

Condition:
Extant   ✓
Cropmark   ✗
Likely Destroyed   ✗

Land Use

Interior under continuous cultivation. Wooded surrounds from NW to SE.

Current Use:
Woodland   ✗
Commercial Forestry Plantation   ✗
Parkland   ✗
Pasture (Grazing)   ✗
Arable   ✓
Scrub/Bracken   ✗
Bare Outcrop   ✗
Heather/Moorland   ✗
Heath   ✗
Built-up   ✗
Coastal Grassland   ✗
Other   ✗

Landscape

Hillfort Type

Univallate, partial contour hillfort located high on summit of NE-facing promontory overlooking marked bend of River Barle to NE, on SW edge of Burridge Wood, c. 1.5km to NE of Dulverton in Exmoor National Park. Very steep to precipitous wooded surrounding slopes around site from NW to SE, less up ridge to SW.

Type:
Contour Fort   ✗
Partial Contour Fort   ✓
Promontory Fort   ✗
Hillslope Fort   ✗
Level Terrain Fort   ✗
Marsh Fort   ✗
Multiple Enclosure Fort   ✗

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop   ✗
Coastal Promontory   ✗
Inland Promontory   ✓
Valley Bottom   ✗
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   ✗
Ridge   ✗
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   ✗
Hillslope   ✗
Lowland   ✗
Spur   ✗

Dominant Topographic Feature:  Promontory

Aspect:
North   ✗
Northeast   ✓
East   ✗
Southeast   ✗
South   ✗
Southwest   ✗
West   ✗
Northwest   ✗
Level   ✗

Altitude:  244.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

None.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC   ✗
1200BC - 800BC   ✗
800BC - 400BC   ✗
400BC - AD50   ✗
AD50 - AD400   ✗
AD400 - AD 800   ✗
Post AD800   ✗
Unknown   ✓

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

On 1st Ed. OS map (1889-90). Field investigation G.H. Pitcher Ordnance Survey 1965. Aerial photograph interpretation English Heritage Brendon Hill NMP 1998.

Investigations:
Other (1965):   Field investigation G.H. Pitcher OS.
Other (1997):   Field investigation R. Wilson-North and H .Riley RCHME.
Other (1998):   Aerial photograph interpretation English Heritage Brendon Hill NMP.
1st Identified Map Depiction (None):   OS map.

Interior Features

None.

Water Source

None

Source:
None   ✓
Spring   ✗
Stream   ✗
Pool   ✗
Flush   ✗
Well   ✗
Other   ✗

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features   ✓
Round Stone Structures   ✗
Rectangular Stone Structures   ✗
Curvilinear Platforms   ✗
Other Roundhouse Evidence   ✗
Pits   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation   ✓
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics   ✓
Pits   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds   ✓
Pottery   ✗
Metal   ✗
Metalworking   ✗
Human Bones   ✗
Animal Bones   ✗
Lithics   ✗
Environmental   ✗
Other   ✗

Aerial

None

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked   ✓
None   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Other   ✗

Entrances

Possible simple entrance to NE giving access to spine of ridge running down to the NE, but unclear. Much destroyed, but conjecture that there was once a SW entrance.

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  ✗

Chevaux de Frise:  ✗

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (North east):   Conjecture.

Enclosing Works

Formerly defined by a single rampart and ditch, former now best on NE into woodland and above precipitous slopes, standing c. 2m high above a largely buried ditch, elsewhere little visible and now scarp above similar ditch (just visible at W corner) within massive hedgebanks and outside field wall on circuit.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   1.3ha.
Total:   1.3ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   Much gone.

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   1
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✓
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗
Unknown   ✗

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✓
Stone Wall   ✗
Rubble   ✗
Wall-walk   ✗
Evidence of Timber   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✗
Murus Duplex   ✗
Timber-framed   ✗
Timber-laced   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
No Known Excavation   ✓
Other   ✗

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   Buried feature.

Number of Ditches:  1

Annex:
✗   None

References

Burrow, E.J. 1924. The ancient earthworks and camps of Somerset, Cheltenham: E.J. Burrow, 90.

Burrow, I. 1981. Hillfort and hill-top settlement in Somerset in the first to eighth centuries AD, British Archaeological Report (BAR) British Series 1, 91, 269-70.

Page, W. ed. 1911. Ancient earthworks, The Victoria History of Somerset, Volume Two, The Victoria History of the Counties of England, London: Constable and Co, 493-4.

Wilson-North, R. 1997. Oldberry Castle, Dulverton, Somerset, Unpublished report RCHME.



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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