LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade
Satellite Imagery
LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade
Satellite Imagery
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HER: Northumberland 21234 (None)
NMR: NU 01 NW 135 (1034524)
SM: None
NGR: NU 0215 1596
X: 402150 Y: 615960 (OSGB36)
Lying to the SE of Ingram, on the slope of a N-easterly facing spur overlooking fords across the River Breamish, the parchmarks of a bivallate rectilinear enclosure discovered in 1989. The enclosure is approximately square with rounded corners measuring 57m E-W by 50m transversely, enclosing 0.27ha. The ditches have a 5m berm between with no signs of banks. Limited excavation in 1996 (Frodsham and Waddington 2004) showed both ditches to be steep sided and flat bottomed with silting and recutting. The inner ditch had a timber palisade constructed within it when partly silted which may have been burnt in situ. The outer ditch contained pottery and grain within its silting, C14 dated to 2nd century AD. An entrance, represented by a causeway is placed centrally through both ditches in the E. A break in the parchmark in the SE corner of the inner ditch might represent a further entrance. A rectilinear annex 57m by 67m is appended to the E side of the main enclosure (Gates and Deegan 2003, 375 and Fig 4.21). Pits have been recorded within and to the N of the annex. Beyond this are further ditches which might represent other enclosures. Later features, including quarries have also been recorded within the vicinity of the enclosure.
Citizen Science: ✗
Reliability of Data: Confirmed
Reliability of Interpretation: Unconfirmed
X: -219028 Y: 7447253 (EPSG: 3857)
Longitude: -1.9675650637564077 Latitude: 55.43755170912992 (EPSG:4326)
Country: England
Current County or Unitary Authority: Northumberland
Historic County: Northumberland
Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland: Ingram
None
| Extant | ✗ |
| Cropmark | ✓ |
| Likely Destroyed | ✗ |
None
| Woodland | ✗ |
| Commercial Forestry Plantation | ✗ |
| Parkland | ✗ |
| Pasture (Grazing) | ✓ |
| Arable | ✗ |
| Scrub/Bracken | ✗ |
| Bare Outcrop | ✗ |
| Heather/Moorland | ✗ |
| Heath | ✗ |
| Built-up | ✗ |
| Coastal Grassland | ✗ |
| Other | ✗ |
On the slope of a N-easterly facing spur at 140m OD overlooking fords across the River Breamish
| Contour Fort | ✗ |
| Partial Contour Fort | ✗ |
| Promontory Fort | ✗ |
| Hillslope Fort | ✓ |
| Level Terrain Fort | ✗ |
| Marsh Fort | ✗ |
| Multiple Enclosure Fort | ✗ |
| Hilltop | ✗ |
| Coastal Promontory | ✗ |
| Inland Promontory | ✗ |
| Valley Bottom | ✗ |
| Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop | ✗ |
| Ridge | ✗ |
| Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp | ✗ |
| Hillslope | ✗ |
| Lowland | ✗ |
| Spur | ✓ |
Dominant Topographic Feature: Overlooking river valley
| North | ✓ |
| Northeast | ✗ |
| East | ✗ |
| Southeast | ✗ |
| South | ✗ |
| Southwest | ✗ |
| West | ✗ |
| Northwest | ✗ |
| Level | ✗ |
Altitude: 140.0m
N/A
Radiocarbon date calibrated to AD 70-AD250 obtained from charred grain from the fill of a ditch plus pottery - may represent re-use as ditch was filled
Reliability: B - Medium
| Pre 1200BC | ✗ |
| 1200BC - 800BC | ✗ |
| 800BC - 400BC | ✗ |
| 400BC - AD50 | ✓ |
| AD50 - AD400 | ✓ |
| AD400 - AD 800 | ✗ |
| Post AD800 | ✗ |
| Unknown | ✗ |
| Pre Hillfort: | None |
| Post Hillfort: | None |
| C14: | None |
The site was mapped as part of The Till-Tweed air photo (AP) mapping project . SE Cheviots Project,1989, limited excavation 1996
| Other (1989): | None |
| Other (1989): | SE Cheviots Project |
| Excavation (1996): | Frodsham and Waddington 2004 |
None
None
| None | ✓ |
| Spring | ✗ |
| Stream | ✗ |
| Pool | ✗ |
| Flush | ✗ |
| Well | ✗ |
| Other | ✗ |
None
| No Known Features | ✓ |
| Round Stone Structures | ✗ |
| Rectangular Stone Structures | ✗ |
| Curvilinear Platforms | ✗ |
| Other Roundhouse Evidence | ✗ |
| Pits | ✗ |
| Quarry Hollows | ✗ |
| Other | ✗ |
None
| No Known Excavation | ✓ |
| Pits | ✗ |
| Postholes | ✗ |
| Roundhouses | ✗ |
| Rectangular Structures | ✗ |
| Roads/Tracks | ✗ |
| Quarry Hollows | ✗ |
| Other | ✗ |
| Nothing Found | ✗ |
None
| No Known Geophysics | ✓ |
| Pits | ✗ |
| Roundhouses | ✗ |
| Rectangular Structures | ✗ |
| Roads/Tracks | ✗ |
| Quarry Hollows | ✗ |
| Other | ✗ |
| Nothing Found | ✗ |
None
| No Known Finds | ✗ |
| Pottery | ✓ |
| Metal | ✗ |
| Metalworking | ✗ |
| Human Bones | ✗ |
| Animal Bones | ✗ |
| Lithics | ✗ |
| Environmental | ✗ |
| Other | ✗ |
None
| APs Not Checked | ✗ |
| None | ✓ |
| Roundhouses | ✗ |
| Rectangular Structures | ✗ |
| Pits | ✗ |
| Postholes | ✗ |
| Roads/Tracks | ✗ |
| Other | ✗ |
An entrance, represented by a causeway is placed centrally through both ditches in the E. A break in the parchmark in the SE corner of the inner ditch might represent a further entrance.
| 3: | None |
| 2: | None |
Guard Chambers: ✗
Chevaux de Frise: ✗
| 1. Simple Gap (East): | Inner ditch |
| 1. Simple Gap (East): | Outer ditch |
| 2. Simple Gap (South east): | Inner ditch |
Cropmark shows two ditches, berm between, no sign of a bank. The inner ditch had a timber palisade constructed within it when partly silted which may have been burnt in situ.
| Area 1: | 0.27ha. |
| Total: | 0.27ha. |
Total Footprint Area: Noneha.
None
| ✗ | None |
| ✓ | Suggested by ditches |
| NE Quadrant: | 2 |
| SE Quadrant: | 2 |
| SW Quadrant: | 2 |
| NW Quadrant: | 2 |
| Total: | 2 |
| Partial Univallate | ✗ |
| Univallate | ✗ |
| Partial Bivallate | ✗ |
| Bivallate | ✓ |
| Partial Multivallate | ✗ |
| Multivallate | ✗ |
| Unknown | ✗ |
| Partial Univallate | ✗ |
| Univallate | ✗ |
| Partial Bivallate | ✗ |
| Bivallate | ✗ |
| Partial Multivallate | ✗ |
| Multivallate | ✗ |
None
| None | ✗ |
| Earthen Bank | ✗ |
| Stone Wall | ✗ |
| Rubble | ✗ |
| Wall-walk | ✗ |
| Evidence of Timber | ✗ |
| Vitrification | ✗ |
| Other Burning | ✗ |
| Palisade | ✗ |
| Counter Scarp Bank | ✗ |
| Berm | ✓ |
| Unfinished | ✗ |
| Other | ✗ |
None
| None | ✗ |
| Earthen Bank | ✗ |
| Stone Wall | ✗ |
| Murus Duplex | ✗ |
| Timber-framed | ✗ |
| Timber-laced | ✗ |
| Vitrification | ✗ |
| Other Burning | ✓ |
| Palisade | ✓ |
| Counter Scarp Bank | ✗ |
| Berm | ✓ |
| Unfinished | ✗ |
| No Known Excavation | ✗ |
| Other | ✗ |
| ✗ | None |
| ✓ | None |
Number of Ditches: 2
| ✓ | Shown on aerial photographs, a rectilinear annex 57m by 67m is appended to the E side of the main enclosure, 0.37ha in size. |
Frodsham, P. and C. Waddington. 2004. The Breamish Valley Archaeology Project, 1994-2002. In P. Frodsham (ed.) Archaeology in Northumberland National Park. York, CBA Rep. 136, 171-89.
Gates, T. and Deegan, A. 2009. Monuments in the Landscape in Passmore, D.G. and Waddington, C. (eds). Managing Archaeological Landscapes in Northumberland. Till-Tweed Studies, Vol 1. Oxbow, 125-171.
Topping, P and Mackay, D. 1989. RCHME: SE Cheviots Project. 19-JUL-1989
Atlas of Hillforts:
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This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0
and should be cited as:
Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk
Document Version 1.1