Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

IR0686 Rathcannon, Limerick (Knocktwo, Knockdarnoe)

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  Archaeological Survey of Ireland SMR Database LI039-029 (None)

NMR:  LI 039 (None)

SM:  None

NGR:  None

X:  558662  Y:  634045  (IRENET95)

Summary

Sub oval multiple enclosure positioned at the summit of an isolated hill, with excellent views overlooking the surrounding low-lands. The site has a total footprint of approximately 2.9ha. Bivallate for its entire circuit with no recorded entrance features. The enclosing elements are widely spaced and are separated by 23 - 200m. This variation is due to the outer enclosing element following the contours of the natural limestone plateau. No evidence for any internal features on the surface (Grogan 2005b, 113). The central enclosing element is depicted in the first and second editions of the Ordnance Survey maps. Condit (1995, 36) released a basic plan of the site in 1995.

Status

Citizen Science:  ✗

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -958263  Y:  6883053  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -8.608224864947928  Latitude:  52.45629246984842  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Republic of Ireland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Limerick

Historic County:  Limerick

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Rathcannon

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant   ✓
Cropmark   ✗
Likely Destroyed   ✗

Land Use

Under pasture. Partial limestone outcrop within hillfort interior.

Current Use:
Woodland   ✗
Commercial Forestry Plantation   ✗
Parkland   ✗
Pasture (Grazing)   ✓
Arable   ✗
Scrub/Bracken   ✗
Bare Outcrop   ✗
Heather/Moorland   ✗
Heath   ✗
Built-up   ✗
Coastal Grassland   ✗
Other   ✗

Landscape

Hillfort Type

Multiple enclosure on summit of isolated hill in low-lying terrain. Summit is domed and offers panoramic views in all directions.

Type:
Contour Fort   ✓
Partial Contour Fort   ✗
Promontory Fort   ✗
Hillslope Fort   ✗
Level Terrain Fort   ✗
Marsh Fort   ✗
Multiple Enclosure Fort   ✓

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop   ✓
Coastal Promontory   ✗
Inland Promontory   ✗
Valley Bottom   ✗
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   ✗
Ridge   ✗
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   ✗
Hillslope   ✗
Lowland   ✗
Spur   ✗

Dominant Topographic Feature:  Isolated hilltop.

Aspect:
North   ✗
Northeast   ✗
East   ✗
Southeast   ✗
South   ✗
Southwest   ✗
West   ✗
Northwest   ✗
Level   ✓

Altitude:  105.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

No dating evidence.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC   ✗
1200BC - 800BC   ✗
800BC - 400BC   ✗
400BC - AD50   ✗
AD50 - AD400   ✗
AD400 - AD 800   ✗
Post AD800   ✗
Unknown   ✓

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

The central enclosing elements is depicted in the first and second editions of the Ordnance Survey maps. Condit (1995, 36) released a basic plan of the site in 1995.

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1842):   First edition 6 inch Ordnance Survey mapping.
Earthwork Survey (1906):   Second edition 25 inch Ordnance Survey mapping.
Other (1995):   Basic plan of site by Condit.

Interior Features

No evidence for any internal features on the surface.

Water Source

Small lake 500m to NW.

Source:
None   ✓
Spring   ✗
Stream   ✗
Pool   ✗
Flush   ✗
Well   ✗
Other   ✗

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features   ✓
Round Stone Structures   ✗
Rectangular Stone Structures   ✗
Curvilinear Platforms   ✗
Other Roundhouse Evidence   ✗
Pits   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation   ✓
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics   ✓
Pits   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds   ✓
Pottery   ✗
Metal   ✗
Metalworking   ✗
Human Bones   ✗
Animal Bones   ✗
Lithics   ✗
Environmental   ✗
Other   ✗

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked   ✗
None   ✓
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Other   ✗

Entrances

No recorded entrance features.

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
0:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  ✗

Chevaux de Frise:  ✗

Entrances:No related records

Enclosing Works

No record of enclosing elements available. A basic plan of the site was published by Condit (1995, 36). This suggests that the outer enclosing elements follows the contours of the natural limestone plateau. The inner enclosing element is circular, crowning the top of the hilltop. These enclosing elements are separated by 23 - 200m.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.61ha.
Area 2:   2.72ha.
Total:   2.72ha.

Total Footprint Area:  2.95ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   2
SE Quadrant:   2
SW Quadrant:   2
NW Quadrant:   2
Total:   2

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✓
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗
Unknown   ✗

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✓
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗

Surface Evidence

Unknown

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None   ✓
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✗
Rubble   ✗
Wall-walk   ✗
Evidence of Timber   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✗
Murus Duplex   ✗
Timber-framed   ✗
Timber-laced   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
No Known Excavation   ✓
Other   ✗

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   No obvious ditch feature.

Number of Ditches:  0

Annex:
✗   None.

References

Condit, T. 1995. Hillfort Discoveries near Killaloe, Co. Clare. Archaeology Ireland 9(1), 34 - 37.

Grogan, 2005b. The North Munster Project Vol. 2. Wordwell, Dublin.



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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