Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

IR0721 Kilcashel, Wicklow

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  Archaeological Survey of Ireland SMR Database WI035-062 (None)

NMR:  WI 035 (None)

SM:  None

NGR:  None

X:  719029  Y:  681620  (IRENET95)

Summary

Near small village of Ballygahan, an oval hillslope fort of approximately 1.6ha total site footprint positioned on sloping ground with steep break of slope to N, E and S. Extensive views of the Avoca river valley from the interior. The hillfort is positioned at a major bend in the Avoca Valley. This gives the hillfort extensive views of the entire valley. There are no recorded entrance features. No evidence for any internal features on the surface. The ramparts have not been archaeologically recorded and their state is unknown. The entire hillfort is under dense scrub. Earliest map depiction in second edition Ordnance Survey mapping. The monument has not been recorded in the archaeological inventory of County Wicklow.

Status

Citizen Science:  ✗

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -693732  Y:  6959411  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -6.2318961518454685  Latitude:  52.872295752179134  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Republic of Ireland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Wicklow

Historic County:  Wicklow

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Kilcashel

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant   ✓
Cropmark   ✗
Likely Destroyed   ✗

Land Use

Heavy overgrowth over the entire monument.

Current Use:
Woodland   ✗
Commercial Forestry Plantation   ✗
Parkland   ✗
Pasture (Grazing)   ✗
Arable   ✗
Scrub/Bracken   ✓
Bare Outcrop   ✗
Heather/Moorland   ✗
Heath   ✗
Built-up   ✗
Coastal Grassland   ✗
Other   ✗

Landscape

Hillfort Type

Hillslope fort positioned on sloping ground with steep break of slope to N, E and S. Hill gently rises to hill shoulder at the SW which is overlooked by hilltop with barrow at its summit. Hillfort overlooks modern copper mine 20m to SE and S and the Avoca valley to E. There are excellent views of this river valley from the hillfort.

Type:
Contour Fort   ✗
Partial Contour Fort   ✗
Promontory Fort   ✗
Hillslope Fort   ✓
Level Terrain Fort   ✗
Marsh Fort   ✗
Multiple Enclosure Fort   ✗

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop   ✗
Coastal Promontory   ✗
Inland Promontory   ✗
Valley Bottom   ✗
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   ✗
Ridge   ✗
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   ✗
Hillslope   ✓
Lowland   ✗
Spur   ✗

Dominant Topographic Feature:  Hillslope.

Aspect:
North   ✗
Northeast   ✓
East   ✗
Southeast   ✗
South   ✗
Southwest   ✗
West   ✗
Northwest   ✗
Level   ✗

Altitude:  193.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

No dating evidence.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC   ✗
1200BC - 800BC   ✗
800BC - 400BC   ✗
400BC - AD50   ✗
AD50 - AD400   ✗
AD400 - AD 800   ✗
Post AD800   ✗
Unknown   ✓

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   Extensive copper mining to immediate NE, E and S of hillfort. Possible mound abutting the exterior of the enclosing elements at NE. May be associated with more recent mining activity.

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

Earliest map detection in second edition Ordnance Survey 25 inch mapping. The hillfort is recorded as an oval boundary overgrown with scrub. The monument has not been recorded in the archaeological inventory of County Wicklow.

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1905):   Second edition Ordnance Survey 25 inch mapping.

Interior Features

No evidence for any internal features on the surface. Heavy overgrowth over the entire monument may be obscuring low relief features. Possible mound 25m in diameter abutting the exterior of the enclosing elements at NE. May be associated with more recent mining activity.

Water Source

None

Source:
None   ✓
Spring   ✗
Stream   ✗
Pool   ✗
Flush   ✗
Well   ✗
Other   ✗

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features   ✓
Round Stone Structures   ✗
Rectangular Stone Structures   ✗
Curvilinear Platforms   ✗
Other Roundhouse Evidence   ✗
Pits   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation   ✓
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics   ✓
Pits   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds   ✓
Pottery   ✗
Metal   ✗
Metalworking   ✗
Human Bones   ✗
Animal Bones   ✗
Lithics   ✗
Environmental   ✗
Other   ✗

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked   ✗
None   ✓
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Other   ✗

Entrances

No obvious entrance features recorded.

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
0:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  ✗

Chevaux de Frise:  ✗

Entrances:No related records

Enclosing Works

The hillfort is oval shaped in plan and comprises a single bank as depicted in the second edition Ordnance Survey maps. There is no other information relating to the enclosing elements available.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   1.4ha.
Total:   1.4ha.

Total Footprint Area:  1.58ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   1
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✓
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗
Unknown   ✗

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗

Surface Evidence

Character of the enclosing elements unknown

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✗
Rubble   ✗
Wall-walk   ✗
Evidence of Timber   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
Other   ✓

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✗
Murus Duplex   ✗
Timber-framed   ✗
Timber-laced   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
No Known Excavation   ✓
Other   ✗

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   No obvious ditch feature recorded.

Number of Ditches:  0

Annex:
✗   None.

References

No related records



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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