Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

IR1701 Termoncarragh (Tearmann Caithreach), Mayo (Dunadearg (The Red Fort Or Fort of The Red Man))

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  Archaeological Survey of Ireland SMR Database MA009-003001 (None)

NMR:  MA 009 (None)

SM:  None

NGR:  None

X:  464271  Y:  835535  (IRENET95)

Summary

This sea stack is situated just N of Port Point at an inlet marked as 'Doonaderg' on the first edition OS six-inch map (1839). Located directly NW of 'Port Glebe House' c. 6.8km from Belmullet, it was first described by Otway (1845), who noted that the site was named after a certain outlaw (Darrig) 'who lived in a recess in its platform'. He observed that it was 'a little promontory, lower than the rest of the cliff'...surrounded by 'a ditch or mound.. and there are traces of stone buildings and stone walls defending the mound' (1845, 65). Westropp noted that the site was inaccessible and overlooked by higher ground to the the SE, but measured exactly 45m long from E to W internally. An earthen bank c. 2.5m wide and 1.2m high is recorded on the SE, running for 29m along the SE margin of the stack, and satellite imagery suggests this returns along the NE and SW margins to enclose an area measuring about 40m from NW to SE by 29m transversely; The stack projects a further 40m NW, the grassy summit giving way to bare rock. Westropp noted no internal features other than 'bosses of sea-pink, nearly as high as the mounds' (1912, 209). The bank is clearly visib

Status

Citizen Science:  ✗

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -1122418  Y:  7217767  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -10.082852501404204  Latitude:  54.25063294920597  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Republic of Ireland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Mayo

Historic County:  Mayo

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Termoncarragh

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant   ✓
Cropmark   ✗
Likely Destroyed   ✗

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland   ✗
Commercial Forestry Plantation   ✗
Parkland   ✗
Pasture (Grazing)   ✓
Arable   ✗
Scrub/Bracken   ✗
Bare Outcrop   ✗
Heather/Moorland   ✗
Heath   ✗
Built-up   ✗
Coastal Grassland   ✗
Other   ✗

Landscape

Hillfort Type

This sea stack is situated just N of Port Point at an inlet marked as 'Doonaderg' on the first edition OS six-inch map (1839). Westropp noted that the site was innacessible and overlooked by higher ground to the the SE. An earthen bank is recorded to the SE, 1.2m high and c. 2.5m wide running along the landward side of the stack, a distance of approximately 29m.

Type:
Contour Fort   ✗
Partial Contour Fort   ✗
Promontory Fort   ✓
Hillslope Fort   ✗
Level Terrain Fort   ✗
Marsh Fort   ✗
Multiple Enclosure Fort   ✗

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop   ✗
Coastal Promontory   ✓
Inland Promontory   ✗
Valley Bottom   ✗
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   ✗
Ridge   ✗
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   ✗
Hillslope   ✗
Lowland   ✗
Spur   ✗

Dominant Topographic Feature:  The site is overlooked by higher ground to the SW

Aspect:
North   ✗
Northeast   ✗
East   ✗
Southeast   ✗
South   ✗
Southwest   ✗
West   ✗
Northwest   ✓
Level   ✗

Altitude:  5.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

There is no dating available for the site

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC   ✗
1200BC - 800BC   ✗
800BC - 400BC   ✗
400BC - AD50   ✗
AD50 - AD400   ✗
AD400 - AD 800   ✗
Post AD800   ✗
Unknown   ✓

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

Marked as 'Doonaderg' on the first edition OS six-inch map (1839). First described by Otway (1845) who noted that the site was named after a certain outlaw (Darrig) 'who lived in a recess in its platform'. He observed that it was 'a little promontory, lower than the rest of the cliff'...surrounded by 'a ditch or mound.. and there are traces of stone buildings and stone walls defending the mound' (1845, 65). Visited and surveyed by Westropp in 1912 who noted that much oft he remains described by Otway had disappeared.

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1839):   OS six-inch mapping
1st Identified Written Reference (1845):   Caesar Otway
Earthwork Survey (1912):   Thomas Westropp

Interior Features

Otway (1845) noted traces of stone buildings within the interior of the site but these were not evident during Westropps survey (1912).

Water Source

None

Source:
None   ✓
Spring   ✗
Stream   ✗
Pool   ✗
Flush   ✗
Well   ✗
Other   ✗

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features   ✓
Round Stone Structures   ✗
Rectangular Stone Structures   ✗
Curvilinear Platforms   ✗
Other Roundhouse Evidence   ✗
Pits   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation   ✓
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics   ✓
Pits   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds   ✓
Pottery   ✗
Metal   ✗
Metalworking   ✗
Human Bones   ✗
Animal Bones   ✗
Lithics   ✗
Environmental   ✗
Other   ✗

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked   ✓
None   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Other   ✗

Entrances

There are no recorded entrances through the earthen bank. Westropp suggested that the site was accessed via a natural bridge which has since disappeared.

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
0:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  ✗

Chevaux de Frise:  ✗

Entrances:No related records

Enclosing Works

Westropp noted that the site was innacessible and overlooked by higher ground to the the SE and exactly 45m long EW internally. An earthen bank is recorded on the SE, measuring 2.5m wide by 1.2m high, and satellite imagery suggests this returns along the NE and SW margins.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.18ha.
Total:   0.18ha.

Total Footprint Area:  0.23ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   0
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   0
NW Quadrant:   0
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✓
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗
Unknown   ✗

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✓
Stone Wall   ✗
Rubble   ✗
Wall-walk   ✗
Evidence of Timber   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✗
Murus Duplex   ✗
Timber-framed   ✗
Timber-laced   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
No Known Excavation   ✓
Other   ✗

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None

Number of Ditches:  0

Annex:
✗   None

References

Westropp, T.J. 1912. The promontory forts and early remains of the coasts of County Mayo. Part 1- The north coast (Tirawley and Erris). The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland 42, 59-139.



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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