Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC0199 Dunorroch, West Cairngaan, Wigtownshire

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  Dumfries & Galloway MDG1121 (None)

NMR:  NX 13 SW 13 (61047)

SM:  1976

NGR:  NX 1306 3107

X:  213060  Y:  531070  (OSGB36)

Summary

The promontory known as Dunorroch, which juts into the sea from the foot of the coastal cliffs, is little more than a bare jagged rock outcrop. The promontory measures 45m in length overall, rising sheer on the W to a jagged spine, and descending steeply on the E, so much so that the only usable space comprises one small terrace above the neck on the N, and another on the E. The leading edge of the terrace on the N is skirted for a distance of 14m by a wall at least 2.4m thick, which cuts back sharply at the NE corner to run along the edge of the cliffs on the E; on the N the outer face of this wall stands to a maximum height of 1.8m in nine courses, and its crest is up to 3m above the external ground level on the neck. There are also traces of a similar wall along the edge of the terrace on the E side of the promontory, and at one point here the face stands 1.2m high in six courses from rock outcrops 2.8m below the lip of the terrace. This sector of the wall ends abruptly against a rock outcrop, but some 9m to the WSW there is another fragment of masonry cutting across the S end of the promontory. Conceivably this latter might relate to some form of inner enclosure taking in the pinnacle of the rock outcrop, but the remains are too fragmentary to be certain of their original configuration. The entrance probably lay at the NE corner of the terrace on the N; it is 2.5m wide but currently blocked by a massive boulder. A circular foundation noted by Wilson probably refers to the rock outcrops on the crest of the promontory at the S end of the fort; Wilson also mentions that Dr Trotter found one or two spindle whorls and a piece of pottery with a hole through it (see Maxwell 1885, 33, fig. 24) within the interior.

Status

Citizen Science:  ✗

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -545287  Y:  7292314  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -4.898397891638133  Latitude:  54.64002786882778  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Dumfries & Galloway

Historic County:  Wigtownshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Kirkmaiden

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant   ✓
Cropmark   ✗
Likely Destroyed   ✗

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland   ✗
Commercial Forestry Plantation   ✗
Parkland   ✗
Pasture (Grazing)   ✗
Arable   ✗
Scrub/Bracken   ✗
Bare Outcrop   ✗
Heather/Moorland   ✗
Heath   ✗
Built-up   ✗
Coastal Grassland   ✓
Other   ✗

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort   ✗
Partial Contour Fort   ✗
Promontory Fort   ✓
Hillslope Fort   ✗
Level Terrain Fort   ✗
Marsh Fort   ✗
Multiple Enclosure Fort   ✗

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop   ✗
Coastal Promontory   ✓
Inland Promontory   ✗
Valley Bottom   ✗
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   ✗
Ridge   ✗
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   ✗
Hillslope   ✗
Lowland   ✗
Spur   ✗

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North   ✗
Northeast   ✗
East   ✗
Southeast   ✗
South   ✗
Southwest   ✗
West   ✗
Northwest   ✗
Level   ✓

Altitude:  5.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

In the absence of modern excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC   ✗
1200BC - 800BC   ✗
800BC - 400BC   ✗
400BC - AD50   ✗
AD50 - AD400   ✗
AD400 - AD 800   ✗
Post AD800   ✗
Unknown   ✓

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

Noted by George Wilson in 1881, Dunorroch is depicted in 1894 on the 25-inch map (Wigtownshire 1895, sheet 37.11), and in 1911 described in the County Inventory for Wigtownshire (RCAHMS 1912, 56, No. 145). It was Scheduled in 1938, and visited subsequently by RCAHMS in 1951 and 1984, and by the OS in 1972.

Investigations:
1st Identified Written Reference (1881):   George Wilson in Maxwell 1885, 33
Excavation (1881):   By Dr Trotter (Wilson Manuscript notes RCAHMS 1912, 56, No. 145)
1st Identified Map Depiction (1894):   Annotated Fort on the OS 25-inch map (Wigtownshire 1895, sheet 37.11)
Other (1911):   Description (RCAHMS 1912, 56, No. 145)
Other (1938):   Scheduled
Other (1951):   Description during RCAHMS Survey of Marginal Lands
Other (1972):   Revised at 1:2500 by the OS
Other (1984):   Description by RCAHMS
Other (2014):   Visit by S Halliday in preparation for the Hillfort Study Group meeting

Interior Features

Featureless

Water Source

None

Source:
None   ✓
Spring   ✗
Stream   ✗
Pool   ✗
Flush   ✗
Well   ✗
Other   ✗

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features   ✓
Round Stone Structures   ✗
Rectangular Stone Structures   ✗
Curvilinear Platforms   ✗
Other Roundhouse Evidence   ✗
Pits   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation   ✓
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics   ✓
Pits   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Finds

Spindle whorls and a perforated piece of fired clay reported as a result of diggings in 1881 (Maxwell 1885, 33, fig. 24)

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds   ✗
Pottery   ✓
Metal   ✗
Metalworking   ✗
Human Bones   ✗
Animal Bones   ✗
Lithics   ✓
Environmental   ✗
Other   ✗

Aerial

None

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked   ✗
None   ✓
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Other   ✗

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  ✗

Chevaux de Frise:  ✗

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (North east):   None

Enclosing Works

Single wall cutting off an inhospitable and difficult promontory of jagged rock descending across bare outcrops down to the sea.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.08ha.
Total:   0.08ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   Very small and almost unmeasurable

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   0
NW Quadrant:   0
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✓
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗
Unknown   ✗

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✓
Rubble   ✗
Wall-walk   ✗
Evidence of Timber   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✗
Murus Duplex   ✗
Timber-framed   ✗
Timber-laced   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
No Known Excavation   ✓
Other   ✗

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✗   None

References

Maxwell, H E (1885) 'Ancient weapons, instruments, utensils and ornaments of Wigtonshire. With list of the principal stone implements recorded from Wigtonshire', Archaeol Hist Collect Ayrshire Galloway 5

RCAHMS (1912) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments and Constructions of Scotland. Fourth report and inventory of monuments and constructions in Galloway, 1, county of Wigtown, Edinburgh



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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