Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC0313 Nethertown of Almorness, Kirkcudbrightshire (Nethertown Cottages; Almorness Point; Cocklehaen)

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Dumfries & Galloway MDG4485 (None)

NMR:  NX 85 SW 3 (64912)

SM:  1089

NGR:  NX 8265 5391

X:  282650  Y:  553910  (OSGB36)

Summary

This small fortification is situated on a rugged steep-sided hill on the peninsular between Rough Firth and Orchardton Bay, comprising an oval enclosure on the summit with outlying ramparts swinging round its flanks on the on the NW and SE. The inner, which forms a band of rubble about 2m thick, encloses an oval area measuring no more than 23m from NW to SE by 17m (0.03ha). At the NW end a second rampart some 3m in thickness can be seen following the lip of the summit on this side, but there is also a third rampart taking in a lower terrace on the NW and apparently springing from the second rampart on this side. Both the plan drawn up by Frederick Coles (1892, 128-9, fig 43) and the depiction on the OS 25-inch map (Kirkcudbrightshire 1894, sheet 50.11) suggest that the second rampart here returns along a terrace on the SW flank of the hill to meet the inner of the two outer ramparts at the SE end. The position of the entrance is unknown. While both Coles and Alexander Curle for RCAHMS identified two rough circular structures at the southern end of the interior, they were obscured by dense bracken when revisited by RCAHMS in 1951 and the OS in 1969.

Status

Citizen Science:  ✗

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -426357  Y:  7335938  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -3.8300279489399385  Latitude:  54.86618162311761  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Dumfries & Galloway

Historic County:  Kirkcudbrightshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Buittle

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant   ✓
Cropmark   ✗
Likely Destroyed   ✗

Land Use

Clearing in a plantation

Current Use:
Woodland   ✗
Commercial Forestry Plantation   ✓
Parkland   ✗
Pasture (Grazing)   ✗
Arable   ✗
Scrub/Bracken   ✓
Bare Outcrop   ✗
Heather/Moorland   ✗
Heath   ✗
Built-up   ✗
Coastal Grassland   ✗
Other   ✗

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort   ✓
Partial Contour Fort   ✗
Promontory Fort   ✗
Hillslope Fort   ✗
Level Terrain Fort   ✗
Marsh Fort   ✗
Multiple Enclosure Fort   ✗

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop   ✓
Coastal Promontory   ✗
Inland Promontory   ✗
Valley Bottom   ✗
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   ✗
Ridge   ✗
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   ✗
Hillslope   ✗
Lowland   ✗
Spur   ✗

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North   ✗
Northeast   ✗
East   ✗
Southeast   ✗
South   ✗
Southwest   ✗
West   ✗
Northwest   ✗
Level   ✓

Altitude:  80.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

Comparisons have been drawn with the early medieval fort on Trusty's Hill.In the absence of excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC   ✗
1200BC - 800BC   ✗
800BC - 400BC   ✗
400BC - AD50   ✗
AD50 - AD400   ✗
AD400 - AD 800   ✗
Post AD800   ✗
Unknown   ✓

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   The rough circular foundations noted in the interior are probably later pens or huts.

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

Depicted in 1849-51 on the 1st edition OS 6-inch map (Kirkcudbrightshire 1854, sheet 46), in 1891 the fort was sketch-planned by Frederick Coles (1892, 128-9, fig 43) and in 1911 described for the County Inventory for The Stewartry (RCAHMS 1914, 59-60, no.79). It was revisited by RCAHMS in 1951 and re-surveyed by the OS at 1:2500 in 1969.

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1851):   Annotated Fort on the 1st edition OS 6-inch map (Kirkcudbrightshire 1854, sheet 46)
Earthwork Survey (1891):   Sketch-plan and description (Coles 1892, 128-9, fig 43)
Other (1911):   Description (RCAHMS 1914, 59-60, no.79)
Other (1938):   Scheduled
Other (1951):   Description during RCAHMS Survey of Marginal Lands
Other (1969):   Resurveyed at 1:2500 by the OS

Interior Features

Two rough circles of stones previously identified

Water Source

None

Source:
None   ✓
Spring   ✗
Stream   ✗
Pool   ✗
Flush   ✗
Well   ✗
Other   ✗

Surface

Rough circular foundations probably later pens or huts

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features   ✗
Round Stone Structures   ✗
Rectangular Stone Structures   ✗
Curvilinear Platforms   ✗
Other Roundhouse Evidence   ✗
Pits   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✓

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation   ✓
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics   ✓
Pits   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds   ✓
Pottery   ✗
Metal   ✗
Metalworking   ✗
Human Bones   ✗
Animal Bones   ✗
Lithics   ✗
Environmental   ✗
Other   ✗

Aerial

None

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked   ✗
None   ✓
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Other   ✗

Entrances

None known

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
0:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None identified

Guard Chambers:  ✗

Chevaux de Frise:  ✗

Entrances:No related records

Enclosing Works

Continuous inner rampart with up to two outworks

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.03ha.
Total:   0.03ha.

Total Footprint Area:  0.18ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   3
SW Quadrant:   2
NW Quadrant:   3
Total:   3

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✓
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✓
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✓
Multivallate   ✗
Unknown   ✗

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✗
Rubble   ✓
Wall-walk   ✗
Evidence of Timber   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✗
Murus Duplex   ✗
Timber-framed   ✗
Timber-laced   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
No Known Excavation   ✓
Other   ✗

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✗   None

References

Coles, F R (1892) 'The Motes, Forts, and Doons of the Stewartry of Kirkcudbrightshire. (Part II)' Proc Soc Antiq Scot 26, 117-70

Feachem, R W (1956a) 'Iron Age and early medieval monuments in Galloway and Dumfriesshire', Trans Dumfriesshire Galloway Natur Hist Antiq Soc, 3 Ser, 33, 59-60

RCAHMS (1914) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments and Constructions of Scotland. Fifth report and inventory of monuments and constructions in Galloway, II, county of the Stewartry of Kirkcudbright, Edinburgh



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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