Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC1148 Arran, Clauchlands, 'Dun Fionn', Buteshire

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  The West of Scotland Archaeology Service 4780 (None)

NMR:  NS 03 SW 4 (40197)

SM:  4710

NGR:  NS 0464 3384

X:  204640  Y:  633840  (OSGB36)

Summary

This small fort occupies the summit of a hillock on the eastern spur of the Clauchlands Hills, where the ground falls away precipitously on the NE to the rocky shore 160m below. Oval on plan, it measures 30m from E to W by no more than 10m transversely (0.02ha) within a grass-grown rampart only 0.6m in height and spread some 3m in maximum thickness. The position of the entrance is unknown, but the OS suggest it is probably on the E, opening onto a terrace measuring about 14m by 10m, which has been levelled into the slope below the rampart. This side, which is also the easiest line of approach, has been provided with an outwork lying beyond the terrace and comprising a ditch some 6m in breadth by 0.8m in depth. The interior of the fort is featureless.

Status

Citizen Science:  ✗

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -567649  Y:  7471127  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -5.099278898554737  Latitude:  55.55902787188289  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  North Ayrshire

Historic County:  Buteshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Kilbride

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant   ✓
Cropmark   ✗
Likely Destroyed   ✗

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland   ✗
Commercial Forestry Plantation   ✗
Parkland   ✗
Pasture (Grazing)   ✗
Arable   ✗
Scrub/Bracken   ✓
Bare Outcrop   ✗
Heather/Moorland   ✓
Heath   ✗
Built-up   ✗
Coastal Grassland   ✗
Other   ✗

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort   ✓
Partial Contour Fort   ✗
Promontory Fort   ✗
Hillslope Fort   ✗
Level Terrain Fort   ✗
Marsh Fort   ✗
Multiple Enclosure Fort   ✗

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop   ✓
Coastal Promontory   ✗
Inland Promontory   ✗
Valley Bottom   ✗
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   ✗
Ridge   ✗
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   ✗
Hillslope   ✗
Lowland   ✗
Spur   ✗

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North   ✗
Northeast   ✗
East   ✗
Southeast   ✗
South   ✗
Southwest   ✗
West   ✗
Northwest   ✗
Level   ✓

Altitude:  163.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

In the absence of excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC   ✗
1200BC - 800BC   ✗
800BC - 400BC   ✗
400BC - AD50   ✗
AD50 - AD400   ✗
AD400 - AD 800   ✗
Post AD800   ✗
Unknown   ✓

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

First depicted on the map of Buteshire in John Thomson's Atlas of Scotland (1832), it is shown in greater detail on the 1st edition OS 25-inch map (Argyll and Bute 1869, sheet 250.1). Noted in 1807 by J Headrick, who suggested that it was a vitirfied fort (1807, 64), and later by J McArthur (1873, 77), it was also described by James Balfour, who dismissed the earlier suggestions that the wall was vitrified (1910, 181). It was visited by the OS in 1977 and Scheduled in 1989.

Investigations:
1st Identified Written Reference (1807):   Noted (Headrick 1807, 64)
1st Identified Map Depiction (1832):   John Thomson's Atlas of Scotland (1832)
Other (1864):   Annotated Fort on the 1st edition OS 25-inch map (Argyll and Bute 1869, sheet 250.1)
Other (1873):   Noted (McArthur 1873, 77)
Other (1910):   Described by James Balfour (1910, 181)
Other (1977):   Surveyed at 1:10.000 by the OS
Other (1989):   Scheduled

Interior Features

Featureless

Water Source

None

Source:
None   ✓
Spring   ✗
Stream   ✗
Pool   ✗
Flush   ✗
Well   ✗
Other   ✗

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features   ✓
Round Stone Structures   ✗
Rectangular Stone Structures   ✗
Curvilinear Platforms   ✗
Other Roundhouse Evidence   ✗
Pits   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation   ✓
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics   ✓
Pits   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds   ✓
Pottery   ✗
Metal   ✗
Metalworking   ✗
Human Bones   ✗
Animal Bones   ✗
Lithics   ✗
Environmental   ✗
Other   ✗

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked   ✓
None   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Other   ✗

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
0:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   OS suggest it is on the E

Guard Chambers:  ✗

Chevaux de Frise:  ✗

Entrances:No related records

Enclosing Works

single ruinous wall with an outwork on the ESE

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.02ha.
Total:   0.02ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   2
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   1
Total:   2

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✓
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✓
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗
Unknown   ✗

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗

Surface Evidence

Described by the OS as an earth and stone bank, but almost certainly the remains of a faced wall. Antiquarian claims that the wall was vitrified were dismissed by Balfour

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✓
Stone Wall   ✓
Rubble   ✗
Wall-walk   ✗
Evidence of Timber   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✗
Murus Duplex   ✗
Timber-framed   ✗
Timber-laced   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
No Known Excavation   ✓
Other   ✗

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   Outwork on the ESE

Number of Ditches:  1

Annex:
✗   None

References

Balfour, J A (ed.) (1910) The book of Arran, vol.1. Glasgow

Headrick, J (1807) View of the mineralogy, agriculture, manufactures and fisheries of the island of Arran, with notices of antiquities and suggestions for improving the agriculture and fisheries of the highlands and islands of Scotland, Edinburgh

McArthur, J (1873) The antiquities of Arran with a historical sketch of the island embracing an account of the Sudreyjar under the Norsemen, Edinburgh

McLellan, R (1970) Isle of Arran (p 79)



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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