Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC1466 Meikle Reive, Stirlingshire

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  None No record found (None)

NMR:  NS 67 NW 6 (45194)

SM:  1734

NGR:  NS 6392 7893

X:  263920  Y:  678930  (OSGB36)

Summary

This fort occupies a hillock that projects from the escarpment forming the southern face of the Campsie Fells. Oval on plan, it measures 44m from E to W by 36m transversely (0.13ha) within a wall reduced to a mound of rubble between 4.5m and 6m thick and up to 1.5m high; occasional outer facing-stones are visible, and excavations in 1954-5 showed that it is 3.6m thick (Fairhurst 1956). Additional protection on the NNE, where the position of the fort offers no topographical advantage, has been provided by a complex belt of ditches and ramparts some 40m deep, which almost certainly represents several periods of construction. Elsewhere on the N the excavators also reported possible remains of an earlier rampart beneath the inner wall, while the terrace immediately to its front, which can be seen round most of its circuit and is accompanied on the S by a few earthfast boulders, is perhaps further evidence of a demolished circuit and a more complex history of construction. The absence of metallic residues from a piece of vitrified stone found in reuse in the interior suggests that it did not come from an industrial process, thus raising the possibility that an earlier phase of the defences had been destroyed by fire. There are entrances on the ESE and W, both of them approached by short lengths of hollowed trackways. Excavations within the interior revealed the presence of stratified deposits, with two successive levels of cobbling and paving, and, overlying the lower, evidence of the stone footing of at least one round-house (Fairhurst 1956). Finds from the excavations included: pottery; a fragment of iron; a stone ball; a stone disc; fragments of a shale armlet; a stone ring; and several stone lamps.

Status

Citizen Science:  ✓

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -465621  Y:  7555239  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -4.182741031978681  Latitude:  55.98403704395301  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  East Dunbartonshire

Historic County:  Stirlingshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Campsie

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant   ✓
Cropmark   ✗
Likely Destroyed   ✗

Land Use

Heavy bracken cover

Current Use:
Woodland   ✗
Commercial Forestry Plantation   ✗
Parkland   ✗
Pasture (Grazing)   ✓
Arable   ✗
Scrub/Bracken   ✓
Bare Outcrop   ✗
Heather/Moorland   ✓
Heath   ✗
Built-up   ✗
Coastal Grassland   ✗
Other   ✗

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort   ✓
Partial Contour Fort   ✗
Promontory Fort   ✗
Hillslope Fort   ✗
Level Terrain Fort   ✗
Marsh Fort   ✗
Multiple Enclosure Fort   ✗

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop   ✗
Coastal Promontory   ✗
Inland Promontory   ✗
Valley Bottom   ✗
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   ✓
Ridge   ✗
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   ✗
Hillslope   ✗
Lowland   ✗
Spur   ✗

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North   ✗
Northeast   ✗
East   ✗
Southeast   ✗
South   ✗
Southwest   ✗
West   ✗
Northwest   ✗
Level   ✓

Altitude:  220.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

Small range of undiagnostic finds from the excavations

Reliability:  C - Low

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC   ✗
1200BC - 800BC   ✗
800BC - 400BC   ✗
400BC - AD50   ✗
AD50 - AD400   ✗
AD400 - AD 800   ✗
Post AD800   ✗
Unknown   ✓

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:
Artefactual:   None

Investigation History

First depicted in 1859 on the 1st edition OS 25-inch map (Stirlingshire 1865, sheet 28.5), it was surveyed by RCAHMS in 1953 during the preparation of the County Inventory for Stirlingshire (RCAHMS 1963, 78-9, no.78, fig 17; Feachem 1963, 158). Excavations were carried out by Horace Fairhurst 1954-5 (Fairhurst 1956) and contemporary film of the work can be viewed at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0KOeXBWZloM. It was Scheduled in July 1959. The OS visited in 1957 and revised the survey at 1:2500 in 1966. RCAHMS revisited in 1982.

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1859):   Annotated Fort on the 1st edition OS 25-inch map (Stirlingshire 1865, sheet 28.5)
Earthwork Survey (1953):   Plan and description (RCAHMS 1963, 78-9, no.78, fig 17; Feachem 1963, 158; RCAHMS STD 35/1-4)
Excavation (1954):   (Fairhurst 1954; 1956; archive held in RCAHMS DC5087-92; B80914-26 S; MS4564 & 40-1)
Excavation (1955):   (Fairhurst 1955; 1956; archive held in RCAHMS DC5087-92; B80914-26 S; MS4564 & 40-1)
Other (1957):   Visited by the OS
Other (1959):   Scheduled
Other (1966):   Revised at 1:2500 by the OS
Other (1982):   Visited by RCAHMS

Interior Features

Featureless apart from modern marker cairn

Water Source

None

Source:
None   ✓
Spring   ✗
Stream   ✗
Pool   ✗
Flush   ✗
Well   ✗
Other   ✗

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features   ✓
Round Stone Structures   ✗
Rectangular Stone Structures   ✗
Curvilinear Platforms   ✗
Other Roundhouse Evidence   ✗
Pits   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavation

Cobbling and paving

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✓
Roundhouses   ✓
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✓
Nothing Found   ✗

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics   ✓
Pits   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Finds

Finds from the excavations included: pottery; a fragment of iron; a stone ball; a stone disc; fragments of a shale armlet; a stone ring; and several stone lamps

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds   ✗
Pottery   ✓
Metal   ✓
Metalworking   ✗
Human Bones   ✗
Animal Bones   ✗
Lithics   ✓
Environmental   ✗
Other   ✓

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked   ✗
None   ✓
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Other   ✗

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
2:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  ✗

Chevaux de Frise:  ✗

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (East):   Approach hollowed by traffic
1. Hollow Way (None):   None
2. Simple Gap (West):   Approach hollowed by traffic
2. Hollow Way (None):   None

Enclosing Works

Single rampart with additional belt of defences on the N

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.13ha.
Total:   0.13ha.

Total Footprint Area:  0.5ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✓   Traces of an earlier inner rampart

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   Only the inner is complete

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   4
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   4
Total:   4

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✓
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✓
Multivallate   ✗
Unknown   ✗

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✓
Stone Wall   ✓
Rubble   ✗
Wall-walk   ✗
Evidence of Timber   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavated Evidence

A piece of vitrified stone was recovered from the interior; no metallic residues were found on analysis, suggesting that it was not slag from an industrial process.

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✓
Murus Duplex   ✗
Timber-framed   ✗
Timber-laced   ✗
Vitrification   ✓
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
No Known Excavation   ✗
Other   ✗

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   all on the N

Number of Ditches:  3

Annex:
✗   None

References

Fairhurst, H (1954) 'Meikle Reive Fort, Campsie', Disc Exc Scot 1954, 16-17

Fairhurst, H (1955) 'Meikle Reive hill fort', Disc Exc Scot 1955, 31-32

Fairhurst, H (1956) 'The Meikle Reive', Trans Glasgow Archaeol Soc, New Ser, 14 (1956), 64-89

Feachem, R W (1963) Guide to Prehistoric Scotland. Batsford: Edinburgh

RCAHMS (1963) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland. Stirlingshire: an inventory of the ancient monuments, 2v. HMSO: Edinburgh



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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