Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC2220 Largiemore, Argyll (Ballergie Dun)

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  The West of Scotland Archaeology Service 2961 (None)

NMR:  NR 62 NE 13 (38369)

SM:  3063

NGR:  NR 6812 2595

X:  168120  Y:  625950  (OSGB36)

Summary

This fort, situated on a prominent spur forming a local summit, comprises two successive elements: an inner walled enclosure, which overlies an outer multivallate perimeter. The inner enclosure is oval on plan and measures 40m from N to S by 33m transversely (0.1ha) within a wall between 2.4m and 4.3m in thickness; numerous runs of inner and outer face are visible and a gap on the E probably marks the entrance. The earlier multivallate fort is irregular on plan, measuring a maximum of 83m from NE to SW by 49m transversely (0.3ha) within the innermost rampart, now reduced to little more than an a scarp. A second heavily-robbed rampart pursues an eccentric course at the foot of the slope below on the S, E and NE, and a third on the E and NE, but while both have been reduced to scarps, they also retain several long runs of outer face. A modern track on the NE may mark the position of the original entrance. No contemporary structures can be seen within either fortification, but three circular platforms lie between the outer ramparts of the earlier fort on the N. A denarius of Trajan minted AD 103-11 found at the beginning of the 20th century 'under the surface in an old fort at Balergie' (Robertson 1950, 141), may come from here.

Status

Citizen Science:  ✗

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -631241  Y:  7454072  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -5.670530342905061  Latitude:  55.4722843048209  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Argyll & Bute

Historic County:  Argyll

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Killean And Kilchenzie

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant   ✓
Cropmark   ✗
Likely Destroyed   ✗

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland   ✗
Commercial Forestry Plantation   ✗
Parkland   ✗
Pasture (Grazing)   ✓
Arable   ✗
Scrub/Bracken   ✗
Bare Outcrop   ✗
Heather/Moorland   ✓
Heath   ✗
Built-up   ✗
Coastal Grassland   ✗
Other   ✗

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort   ✓
Partial Contour Fort   ✗
Promontory Fort   ✗
Hillslope Fort   ✗
Level Terrain Fort   ✗
Marsh Fort   ✗
Multiple Enclosure Fort   ✓

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop   ✓
Coastal Promontory   ✗
Inland Promontory   ✗
Valley Bottom   ✗
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   ✗
Ridge   ✗
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   ✗
Hillslope   ✗
Lowland   ✗
Spur   ✗

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North   ✗
Northeast   ✗
East   ✗
Southeast   ✗
South   ✗
Southwest   ✗
West   ✗
Northwest   ✗
Level   ✓

Altitude:  160.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

A denarius from Trajan may have been found here, but from an unknown context

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC   ✗
1200BC - 800BC   ✗
800BC - 400BC   ✗
400BC - AD50   ✗
AD50 - AD400   ✓
AD400 - AD 800   ✗
Post AD800   ✗
Unknown   ✓

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   Possible round-hose platforms are not contemporary with the defences; there is also a post medieval built across the interior of the later fort.

Evidence:
Artefactual:   None

Investigation History

None

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1867):   Annotated Fort on 1st edition OS 25-inh map (Argyll and Bute 1869, sheet 251.10)
Other (1943):   Description and photo taken during RCAHMS wartime Emergency Surveys
Other (1955):   Visited during RCAHMS Survey of Marginal Lands
Earthwork Survey (1956):   Plan and description RCAHMS Survey of Marginal Lands (RCAHMS AGD 295/1-2)
Other (1965):   Description (RCAHMS 1971, 73-4, no.171)
Other (1971):   Scheduled
Other (1977):   Surveyed at 1:10.000 by the OS
Other (2008):   Photographed from the air by RCAHMS

Interior Features

Featureless, though three possible round-house platforms overlie the defences of the multivallate fort on the N

Water Source

None

Source:
None   ✓
Spring   ✗
Stream   ✗
Pool   ✗
Flush   ✗
Well   ✗
Other   ✗

Surface

three possible round-house platforms overlie the defences of the multivallate fort on the N

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features   ✗
Round Stone Structures   ✗
Rectangular Stone Structures   ✗
Curvilinear Platforms   ✓
Other Roundhouse Evidence   ✗
Pits   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation   ✓
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics   ✓
Pits   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Finds

A denarius of Trajan minted AD 103-11 found at the beginning of the 20th century 'under the surface in an old fort at Balergie' (Robertson 1950, 141), may come from here

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds   ✓
Pottery   ✗
Metal   ✗
Metalworking   ✗
Human Bones   ✗
Animal Bones   ✗
Lithics   ✗
Environmental   ✗
Other   ✗

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked   ✗
None   ✓
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Other   ✗

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   Numerous gaps in the outer defences

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   In two phases of defence

Guard Chambers:  ✗

Chevaux de Frise:  ✗

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (East):   Later fort
1. Simple Gap (North east):   Earlier outer defences

Enclosing Works

Complete inner circuits in two phases partial multivallation on one side

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.1ha.
Area 2:   0.3ha.
Total:   0.3ha.

Total Footprint Area:  0.68ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✓   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   4
SE Quadrant:   3
SW Quadrant:   2
NW Quadrant:   2
Total:   4

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✓
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✓
Multivallate   ✗
Unknown   ✗

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✓
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✓
Rubble   ✓
Wall-walk   ✗
Evidence of Timber   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✗
Murus Duplex   ✗
Timber-framed   ✗
Timber-laced   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
No Known Excavation   ✓
Other   ✗

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✗   None

References

RCAHMS (1971) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland. Argyll: an inventory of the ancient monuments, volume 1: Kintyre. HMSO: Edinburgh

Robertson, A S (1950) 'Roman Coins found in Scotland'. Proc Soc Antiq Scot 84 (1949-50), 137-69



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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