Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC2485 Tiree, Dun na Cleite, Argyll

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  The West of Scotland Archaeology Service 6 (None)

NMR:  NL 93 NE 5 (21412)

SM:  None

NGR:  NL 9740 3850

X:  97400  Y:  738500  (OSGB36)

Summary

This fort occupies a precipitous headland on the southernmost coast of Tiree, which rises in a series of terraces to a rock boss 4-5m in height on the summit. On the N of this boss, there seems to have been a relatively small fortified enclosure, though its perimeter, which is reduced a few bands of rubble with several runs of outer facing stones, in one place standing between 0.8m and 1.1m high, displays little coherence on plan (see RCAHMS 1980, 80-1, no.143, fig 67). Elsewhere there are a series of ruined walls that block gullies and extend along the edges of terraces to form an enclosure measuring about 90m square (0.72ha), on the NW following the leading edges of no less than three separate terraces stepping down this flank of the promontory. The entrance into this outer enclosure is not visible, but access to the summit of the headland was probably gained most easily by mounting a series of interconnected terraces on this side, perhaps accounting for the complexity of the defences here. The interior, much of which is made up of bare rock, is featureless, though there are several grassy natural platforms amongst the outcrops. Erskine Beveridge found midden material containing bones, shells, pottery and hammer-stones here (1903, 90-3).

Status

Citizen Science:  ✗

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -769420  Y:  7646778  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -6.911821601204205  Latitude:  56.4413295110297  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Argyll & Bute

Historic County:  Argyll

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Tiree

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant   ✓
Cropmark   ✗
Likely Destroyed   ✗

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland   ✗
Commercial Forestry Plantation   ✗
Parkland   ✗
Pasture (Grazing)   ✓
Arable   ✗
Scrub/Bracken   ✗
Bare Outcrop   ✗
Heather/Moorland   ✓
Heath   ✗
Built-up   ✗
Coastal Grassland   ✓
Other   ✗

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort   ✗
Partial Contour Fort   ✗
Promontory Fort   ✓
Hillslope Fort   ✗
Level Terrain Fort   ✗
Marsh Fort   ✗
Multiple Enclosure Fort   ✗

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop   ✗
Coastal Promontory   ✓
Inland Promontory   ✗
Valley Bottom   ✗
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   ✗
Ridge   ✗
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   ✗
Hillslope   ✗
Lowland   ✗
Spur   ✗

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North   ✗
Northeast   ✗
East   ✗
Southeast   ✗
South   ✗
Southwest   ✗
West   ✗
Northwest   ✗
Level   ✓

Altitude:  30.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

In the absence of excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC   ✗
1200BC - 800BC   ✗
800BC - 400BC   ✗
400BC - AD50   ✗
AD50 - AD400   ✗
AD400 - AD 800   ✗
Post AD800   ✗
Unknown   ✓

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   Old field-bank visible on a terrace low down the NW flank.

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

None

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1878):   Named in Gothic type on the 1st edition OS 25-inch map (Argyll and Bute 1882, sheet 78.15)
Other (1903):   Description and photographs by Erskine Beveridge 1896-1901 (1903)
Other (1972):   Visited by RCAHMS (RCAHMS MS 7251/7)
Other (1972):   Surveyed at 1:10,000 by the OS
Earthwork Survey (1977):   Plan and description (RCAHMS 1980, 80-1, no.143, fig 67; RCAHMS AGD 629/1-3)

Interior Features

Featurelss though there are natural grassy platforms in amongst the rock outcrops

Water Source

None

Source:
None   ✓
Spring   ✗
Stream   ✗
Pool   ✗
Flush   ✗
Well   ✗
Other   ✗

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features   ✓
Round Stone Structures   ✗
Rectangular Stone Structures   ✗
Curvilinear Platforms   ✗
Other Roundhouse Evidence   ✗
Pits   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation   ✓
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics   ✓
Pits   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Finds

Erskine Beveridge found midden material containing bones, shells, pottery and hammer-stones here (1903, 90-3)

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds   ✗
Pottery   ✓
Metal   ✗
Metalworking   ✗
Human Bones   ✗
Animal Bones   ✓
Lithics   ✓
Environmental   ✗
Other   ✗

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked   ✓
None   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Other   ✗

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
0:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   Not known

Guard Chambers:  ✗

Chevaux de Frise:  ✗

Entrances:No related records

Enclosing Works

Remains of a complex of ramparts blocking gullies and linking outcrops and cliff-edges

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.72ha.
Total:   0.72ha.

Total Footprint Area:  0.8ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   This configuration does not include what appears to have been a much smaller defensive enclosure on the upper level of the promontory

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   3
Total:   3

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✓
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✓
Multivallate   ✗
Unknown   ✗

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✓
Rubble   ✗
Wall-walk   ✗
Evidence of Timber   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✗
Murus Duplex   ✗
Timber-framed   ✗
Timber-laced   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
No Known Excavation   ✓
Other   ✗

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✗   None

References

Beveridge, E (1903) Coll and Tiree: their prehistoric forts and ecclesiastical antiquities with notices of ancient remains in the Treshnish Isles. Edinburgh

RCAHMS (1980) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland. Argyll: an inventory of the monuments volume 3: Mull, Tiree, Coll and Northern Argyll (excluding the early medieval and later monuments of Iona). HMSO: Edinburgh



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


Document Version 1.1