Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC2646 Rossie Law, Perthshire

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  Perth and Kinross Heritage Trust MPK1397 (None)

NMR:  NN 91 SE 1 (26046)

SM:  2976

NGR:  NN 9976 1238

X:  299768  Y:  712383  (OSGB36)

Summary

This fort is situated on the summit of Rossie Law, which is a steep-sided local summit on a spur dropping down the N face of the Ochils between Banekist Burn on the W and Scores Burn on the E. The summit of the hill rises some 50m above the saddle that separates it from the rest of the spur on the S, and there is also a precipitous crag on this flank. The defences comprise a single wall reduced to a bank a little over 4m in thickness, which extends around the shoulder of the hill above the crags to enclose an area measuring about 215m from E to W by 135m transversely (2.3ha). There is a single entrance on the SE, which in 1956 was the only place where RCAHMS investigators observed the remains of the wall faces; within the interior they also observed traces of several shallow scoops but hesitated from identifying any of them as house platforms. A geophysical survey was carried out in 2012 prior to excavations which sectioned the defences on the SE and sampled two places within the interior. The trench across the defences revealed that the wall had been roughly built with stone quarried from the interior; it overlay earlier midden deposits and outside its line there were two palisade trenches set some 5m apart. A circular hollow that retained water on the summit was shown to be a natural feature with a low bank on its lip.

Status

Citizen Science:  ✗

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -403093  Y:  7617029  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -3.621045826094956  Latitude:  56.29331287377252  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Perth & Kinross

Historic County:  Perthshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Dunning

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant   ✓
Cropmark   ✗
Likely Destroyed   ✗

Land Use

Lies in a large clearing in commercial forestry

Current Use:
Woodland   ✗
Commercial Forestry Plantation   ✗
Parkland   ✗
Pasture (Grazing)   ✗
Arable   ✗
Scrub/Bracken   ✗
Bare Outcrop   ✗
Heather/Moorland   ✓
Heath   ✗
Built-up   ✗
Coastal Grassland   ✗
Other   ✗

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort   ✓
Partial Contour Fort   ✗
Promontory Fort   ✗
Hillslope Fort   ✗
Level Terrain Fort   ✗
Marsh Fort   ✗
Multiple Enclosure Fort   ✗

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop   ✓
Coastal Promontory   ✗
Inland Promontory   ✗
Valley Bottom   ✗
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   ✗
Ridge   ✗
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   ✗
Hillslope   ✗
Lowland   ✗
Spur   ✗

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North   ✗
Northeast   ✗
East   ✗
Southeast   ✗
South   ✗
Southwest   ✗
West   ✗
Northwest   ✗
Level   ✓

Altitude:  324.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

Eight dates fall in the 1200-800 BC band, one 800-400 BC and five 400 BC - AD 50 (Information courtesy of Tessa Poller)

Reliability:  B - Medium

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC   ✗
1200BC - 800BC   ✓
800BC - 400BC   ✗
400BC - AD50   ✗
AD50 - AD400   ✗
AD400 - AD 800   ✗
Post AD800   ✗
Unknown   ✗

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:
C14:   Fourteen dates

Investigation History

None

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1783):   Annotated Castle in ruins on James Stobie's map of The Counties of Perth and Clackmannan (1783)
Other (1860):   Annotated Fort on the 1st edition OS 25-inch map (Perth and Clackmannan 1866, sheet 118.4)
Earthwork Survey (1899):   Sketch-plan and description by David Christison (1899, 72-4, fig 31)
Other (1956):   Description for RCAHMS Survey of Marginal Lands (Feachem 1963, 146)
Other (1967):   Visited by the OS
Other (1970):   Scheduled
Geophysical Survey (2012):   Carried out by Tessa Poller as part of the SERF project by Glasgow University
Excavation (2012):   Dirested by Tessa Poller for the SERF project by Glasgow University

Interior Features

Several hollows, but no clear house platforms, though two appear likely on oblique aerial photographs taken by RCAHMS

Water Source

Unclear whether the hollow excavated was intended as a pond

Source:
None   ✓
Spring   ✗
Stream   ✗
Pool   ✗
Flush   ✗
Well   ✗
Other   ✗

Surface

Several hollows observed within the interior

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features   ✗
Round Stone Structures   ✗
Rectangular Stone Structures   ✗
Curvilinear Platforms   ✗
Other Roundhouse Evidence   ✗
Pits   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✓

Excavation

Hollow retaining water

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✓
Nothing Found   ✗

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics   ✗
Pits   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✓

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds   ✓
Pottery   ✗
Metal   ✗
Metalworking   ✗
Human Bones   ✗
Animal Bones   ✗
Lithics   ✗
Environmental   ✗
Other   ✗

Aerial

None

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked   ✗
None   ✗
Roundhouses   ✓
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Other   ✗

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  ✗

Chevaux de Frise:  ✗

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (South east):   None

Enclosing Works

Single wall or rampart and two earlier palisades

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   2.3ha.
Total:   2.3ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✓   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   1
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✓
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗
Unknown   ✗

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✗
Rubble   ✓
Wall-walk   ✗
Evidence of Timber   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavated Evidence

Two palisades

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✓
Murus Duplex   ✗
Timber-framed   ✗
Timber-laced   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✓
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
No Known Excavation   ✗
Other   ✗

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✗   None

References

Christison, D (1900) 'The forts, "camps", and other field-works of Perth, Forfar and Kincardine'. Proc Soc Antiq Scot 34 (1899-1900), 43-120

Feachem, R (1963) A guide to prehistoric Scotland. Batsford, London

Poller, T 2012 DES entry



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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