Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC2757 Barra, Dun Ban, Inverness-shire (Dun Bahn; Ben Tangaval)

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  Comhairle nan Eilean Siar - Western Isles Sites and Monuments Record MWE9742 (None)

NMR:  NF 60 SW 4 (9742)

SM:  5098

NGR:  NF 6311 0037

X:  63110  Y:  800370  (OSGB36)

Summary

This fortification occupies a promontory on the NW coast of the Tangaval peninsular, which forms the SW extremity of Barra. The promontory is girt with cliffs up to 12m high, dropping sheer into the sea on the SW, while the outcrops on the seaward side of hollow cutting from E to W across its neck provide a natural line line of defence which has been exploited by a single wall. In places the wall stands 1m high and a gap at its E end is probably the entrance. The rocky interior is rough and uneven, and measures about 120m from NW to SE by a maximum of 65m transversely (0.5ha), though about a third of this area at the seaward end is exposed bedrock. The only feature visible within the interior is the tumbled ruin of a broch occupying the summit; measuring about 18m in diameter over a wall 4m in thickness and up to 1.2m in height, it has a possible entrance on the E.

Status

Citizen Science:  ✗

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -840077  Y:  7754271  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -7.5465361933793735  Latitude:  56.971380458831064  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Western Isles

Historic County:  Inverness-shire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Barra

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant   ✓
Cropmark   ✗
Likely Destroyed   ✗

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland   ✗
Commercial Forestry Plantation   ✗
Parkland   ✗
Pasture (Grazing)   ✓
Arable   ✗
Scrub/Bracken   ✗
Bare Outcrop   ✗
Heather/Moorland   ✓
Heath   ✗
Built-up   ✗
Coastal Grassland   ✓
Other   ✗

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort   ✗
Partial Contour Fort   ✗
Promontory Fort   ✓
Hillslope Fort   ✗
Level Terrain Fort   ✗
Marsh Fort   ✗
Multiple Enclosure Fort   ✗

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop   ✗
Coastal Promontory   ✓
Inland Promontory   ✗
Valley Bottom   ✗
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   ✗
Ridge   ✗
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   ✗
Hillslope   ✗
Lowland   ✗
Spur   ✗

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North   ✗
Northeast   ✗
East   ✗
Southeast   ✗
South   ✗
Southwest   ✗
West   ✗
Northwest   ✗
Level   ✓

Altitude:  15.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

The pottery found here and its comparisons to the broch on Dun Cuier (Young 1956, 293), may have no bearing on the dating of the outer defence.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC   ✗
1200BC - 800BC   ✗
800BC - 400BC   ✗
400BC - AD50   ✗
AD50 - AD400   ✗
AD400 - AD 800   ✗
Post AD800   ✗
Unknown   ✓

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   Possibly the construction of the broch

Evidence:
Artefactual:   Pottery

Investigation History

Photographed by RCAHMS Aerial Survey Programme in 2005, and the RCAHMS collection also contains ground photographs by Mary Harman taken in 1976.

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1878):   Named in Gothic type on the 1st edition OS 6-inch map (Inverness-shire, Hebrides, 1880, sheet 64)
Other (1915):   Description (RCAHMS 1928, 131, no.446)
Other (1956):   Visited by Alison Young (1956, 292-3, fig 2.8; 1962, 193)
Other (1965):   Surveyed at 1:10,560 & 1:2500 by the OS
Other (1991):   Description (Branigan and Foster 1995, 84; RCAHMS MS595/6)
Other (2005):   Scheduled

Interior Features

Featureless apart from the broch

Water Source

None

Source:
None   ✓
Spring   ✗
Stream   ✗
Pool   ✗
Flush   ✗
Well   ✗
Other   ✗

Surface

Broch

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features   ✗
Round Stone Structures   ✗
Rectangular Stone Structures   ✗
Curvilinear Platforms   ✗
Other Roundhouse Evidence   ✗
Pits   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✓

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation   ✓
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics   ✓
Pits   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Finds

Pottery comparable to material from Dun Cuier and hammerstones recovered (Young 1956, 292-3, fig 2.8)

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds   ✗
Pottery   ✓
Metal   ✗
Metalworking   ✗
Human Bones   ✗
Animal Bones   ✗
Lithics   ✓
Environmental   ✗
Other   ✗

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked   ✗
None   ✓
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Other   ✗

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  ✗

Chevaux de Frise:  ✗

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (South east):   None

Enclosing Works

Single wall across a promontory

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.5ha.
Total:   0.5ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   This excludes the broch wall

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   0
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   0
NW Quadrant:   0
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✓
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗
Unknown   ✗

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✓
Rubble   ✗
Wall-walk   ✗
Evidence of Timber   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✗
Murus Duplex   ✗
Timber-framed   ✗
Timber-laced   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
No Known Excavation   ✓
Other   ✗

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✗   None

Number of Ditches:  None

Annex:
✗   None

References

Branigan and Foster, K and P (eds.) (1995) Barra: archaeological research on Ben Tangaval from the end of the Ice Age to the Crofting Commission, Barra: archaeological research on Ben Tangaval. Sheffield

MacKie, E W (2007) The Roundhouses, Brochs and Wheelhouses of Atlantic Scotland c.700 BC-AD 500: architecture and material culture, the Northern and Southern Mainland and the Western Islands. BAR British series (2 V): Oxford

RCAHMS (1928) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments and Constructions of Scotland. Ninth report with inventory of monuments and constructions in the Outer Hebrides, Skye and the Small Isles. HMSO: Edinburgh

Young, A (1956) 'Excavations at Dun Cuier, Isle of Barra'. Proc Soc Antiq Scot 89 (1955-6), 290-328

Young, A (1962) 'Brochs and duns'. Proc Soc Antiq Scot 95 (1961-2), 171-98



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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