HER:  Aberdeenshire Historic Environment Record NJ42NE0005 (None)
NMR:  NJ 42 NE 5 (17215)
SM:  11681
NGR:  NJ 4729 2605
X:  347290  Y:  826050  (OSGB36)
This small fortification occupies the summit of a conical hill forming the eastern end of a ridge WSW of Rhynie above Wheedlemont. Oval on plan, it measures about 50m from NE to SW by 30m transversely (0.11ha) within a wall reduced to low band of rubble on the inner lip of a ditch with a counterscarp bank; the ditch measures up to 4m in breadth by 1m in depth. Traces of a continuous internal quarry can be traced to the rear of the wall around the whole circuit, while set along the spine of the interior there is a row of at least three timber round-houses. The entrance is on the NE.
Citizen Science:  ✗
Reliability of Data:  Confirmed
Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed
X:  -320254  Y:  7826222  (EPSG: 3857)
Longitude:  -2.876888798339284  Latitude:  57.322014012983935  (EPSG:4326)
Country:  Scotland
Current County or Unitary Authority:  Aberdeenshire
Historic County:  Aberdeenshire
Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Auchindoir And Kearn
None
| Extant   | ✓ |
| Cropmark   | ✗ |
| Likely Destroyed   | ✗ |
None
| Woodland   | ✗ |
| Commercial Forestry Plantation   | ✗ |
| Parkland   | ✗ |
| Pasture (Grazing)   | ✓ |
| Arable   | ✗ |
| Scrub/Bracken   | ✗ |
| Bare Outcrop   | ✗ |
| Heather/Moorland   | ✓ |
| Heath   | ✗ |
| Built-up   | ✗ |
| Coastal Grassland   | ✗ |
| Other   | ✗ |
None
| Contour Fort   | ✓ |
| Partial Contour Fort   | ✗ |
| Promontory Fort   | ✗ |
| Hillslope Fort   | ✗ |
| Level Terrain Fort   | ✗ |
| Marsh Fort   | ✗ |
| Multiple Enclosure Fort   | ✗ |
| Hilltop   | ✓ |
| Coastal Promontory   | ✗ |
| Inland Promontory   | ✗ |
| Valley Bottom   | ✗ |
| Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   | ✗ |
| Ridge   | ✗ |
| Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   | ✗ |
| Hillslope   | ✗ |
| Lowland   | ✗ |
| Spur   | ✗ |
Dominant Topographic Feature:  None
| North   | ✗ |
| Northeast   | ✗ |
| East   | ✗ |
| Southeast   | ✗ |
| South   | ✗ |
| Southwest   | ✗ |
| West   | ✗ |
| Northwest   | ✗ |
| Level   | ✓ |
Altitude:  352.0m
N/A
In the absence of excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.
Reliability:  D - None
| Pre 1200BC   | ✗ |
| 1200BC - 800BC   | ✗ |
| 800BC - 400BC   | ✗ |
| 400BC - AD50   | ✗ |
| AD50 - AD400   | ✗ |
| AD400 - AD 800   | ✗ |
| Post AD800   | ✗ |
| Unknown   | ✓ |
| Pre Hillfort:   | None |
| Post Hillfort:   | Planted with trees |
RCAHMS and Aberdeenshire Council also hold oblique aerial photography.
| 1st Identified Map Depiction (1865):   | Annotated Camp on the 1st edition OS 25-inch map (Aberdeenshire 1870, sheet 42.12; Name Book, Aberdeenshire, No.6, p 47-8) |
| 1st Identified Written Reference (1870):   | Noted by Andrew Jervise (1870, 327) |
| Other (1930):   | Noted (Simpson 1930, 53; 1932, 99) |
| Earthwork Survey (1956):   | Plan and description for RCAHMS Survey of Marginal Lands (RCAHMS ABD 10/1-2 & DP 147345-6) |
| Other (1967):   | Revised at 1:2500 by the OS |
| Other (1974):   | Sherd found Proc Soc Antiq Scot 104 (1971-2), 316 |
| Other (1981):   | Visited by the Hill-fort Study Group |
| Earthwork Survey (1996):   | Plan and description (RCAHMS DC44318 & SC 1333001; DC44602; DC44645; Halliday 2007, 99-100, fig 6.25) |
| Other (2007):   | Scheduled |
Traces of at least three round-houses, one with traces of a ring-ditch
None
| None   | ✓ |
| Spring   | ✗ |
| Stream   | ✗ |
| Pool   | ✗ |
| Flush   | ✗ |
| Well   | ✗ |
| Other   | ✗ |
At least three round-houses and traces of internal quarrying all the way round the circuit. Possible ring-ditch house
| No Known Features   | ✗ |
| Round Stone Structures   | ✗ |
| Rectangular Stone Structures   | ✗ |
| Curvilinear Platforms   | ✓ |
| Other Roundhouse Evidence   | ✓ |
| Pits   | ✗ |
| Quarry Hollows   | ✓ |
| Other   | ✗ |
None
| No Known Excavation   | ✓ |
| Pits   | ✗ |
| Postholes   | ✗ |
| Roundhouses   | ✗ |
| Rectangular Structures   | ✗ |
| Roads/Tracks   | ✗ |
| Quarry Hollows   | ✗ |
| Other   | ✗ |
| Nothing Found   | ✗ |
None
| No Known Geophysics   | ✓ |
| Pits   | ✗ |
| Roundhouses   | ✗ |
| Rectangular Structures   | ✗ |
| Roads/Tracks   | ✗ |
| Quarry Hollows   | ✗ |
| Other   | ✗ |
| Nothing Found   | ✗ |
None
| No Known Finds   | ✓ |
| Pottery   | ✗ |
| Metal   | ✗ |
| Metalworking   | ✗ |
| Human Bones   | ✗ |
| Animal Bones   | ✗ |
| Lithics   | ✗ |
| Environmental   | ✗ |
| Other   | ✗ |
None
| APs Not Checked   | ✗ |
| None   | ✗ |
| Roundhouses   | ✓ |
| Rectangular Structures   | ✗ |
| Pits   | ✗ |
| Postholes   | ✗ |
| Roads/Tracks   | ✗ |
| Other   | ✗ |
See main summary
| 1:   | None |
| 2:   | None |
Guard Chambers:  ✗
Chevaux de Frise:  ✗
| 1. Simple Gap (North east):   | None |
Wall, ditch and counterscarp bank
| Area 1:   | 0.11ha. |
| Total:   | 0.11ha. |
Total Footprint Area:  0.2ha.
None
| ✗   | None |
| ✓   | None |
| NE Quadrant:   | 1 |
| SE Quadrant:   | 1 |
| SW Quadrant:   | 1 |
| NW Quadrant:   | 1 |
| Total:   | 1 |
| Partial Univallate   | ✗ |
| Univallate   | ✓ |
| Partial Bivallate   | ✗ |
| Bivallate   | ✗ |
| Partial Multivallate   | ✗ |
| Multivallate   | ✗ |
| Unknown   | ✗ |
| Partial Univallate   | ✗ |
| Univallate   | ✗ |
| Partial Bivallate   | ✗ |
| Bivallate   | ✗ |
| Partial Multivallate   | ✗ |
| Multivallate   | ✗ |
None
| None   | ✗ |
| Earthen Bank   | ✓ |
| Stone Wall   | ✗ |
| Rubble   | ✓ |
| Wall-walk   | ✗ |
| Evidence of Timber   | ✗ |
| Vitrification   | ✗ |
| Other Burning   | ✗ |
| Palisade   | ✗ |
| Counter Scarp Bank   | ✓ |
| Berm   | ✗ |
| Unfinished   | ✗ |
| Other   | ✗ |
None
| None   | ✗ |
| Earthen Bank   | ✗ |
| Stone Wall   | ✗ |
| Murus Duplex   | ✗ |
| Timber-framed   | ✗ |
| Timber-laced   | ✗ |
| Vitrification   | ✗ |
| Other Burning   | ✗ |
| Palisade   | ✗ |
| Counter Scarp Bank   | ✗ |
| Berm   | ✗ |
| Unfinished   | ✗ |
| No Known Excavation   | ✓ |
| Other   | ✗ |
| ✗   | None |
| ✓   | None |
Number of Ditches:  1
| ✗   | None |
Halliday, S P (2007) The later prehistoric landscape. In RCAHMS (2007) In the Shadow of Bennachie: A Field Archaeology of Donside, Aberdeenshire. RCAHMS & Society of Antiquaries of Scotland: Edinburgh
Jervise, A (1870) 'Notes respecting the castle of Craig and the old kirk of Auchindoir, &c., in Aberdeenshire'. Proc Soc Antiq Scot 8 (1868-70), 323-30
Simpson, W D (1930) 'Craig Castle and the Kirk of Auchindoir, Aberdeenshire'. Proc Soc Antiq Scot 64 (1929-30), 48-96
Simpson, W D (1932) 'Lesmoir Castle and the Church of Essie: with some further notes on Auchindoir'. Proc Soc Antiq Scot 66 (1931-2), 86-101
Atlas of Hillforts:
Wikidata:
This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:
Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk
Document Version 1.1