Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC3069 Auchray, Angus (South Auchray)

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Angus SMR per Aberdeenshire Council NO33SE0055 (None)

NMR:  NO 33 SE 5 & 55 (31961)

SM:  6561

NGR:  NO 3645 3492

X:  336450  Y:  734920  (OSGB36)

Summary

Cropmarks have revealed the site of a fort previously annotated in Roman type 'Site of Camp (Supposed Roman)' on the 1st edition of the OS 25-inch map (Forfar 1865, 49.16) and probably the earthwork shown upstanding in this neighbourhood on General Roy's Military Map of Scotland (1747-55). The whole circuit is visible on some of the aerial photographs, variously presenting as cropmarks in wheat or barley and parchmarks in grass, forming a belt 30m deep and comprising four concentric ditches up to 3m in breadth. The plan is irregular, with a rounded W end, but flattened sectors along the length of the N flank and E end, and relatively sharp angles on the NE and SE. The interior, which is featureless, measures about 190m in maximum length from E to W by 110m transversely (1.93ha). At least four possible entrances are visible in the cropmarks on the W, WSW, SW and SE, suggesting that there are probably multiple entrances elsewhere in less well-defined sectors of the circuit.

Status

Citizen Science:  ✗

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -337741  Y:  7659025  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -3.033981041354227  Latitude:  56.502097585872384  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Angus

Historic County:  Angus

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Mains And Strathmartine

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant   ✗
Cropmark   ✓
Likely Destroyed   ✗

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland   ✗
Commercial Forestry Plantation   ✗
Parkland   ✗
Pasture (Grazing)   ✓
Arable   ✓
Scrub/Bracken   ✗
Bare Outcrop   ✗
Heather/Moorland   ✗
Heath   ✗
Built-up   ✗
Coastal Grassland   ✗
Other   ✗

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort   ✓
Partial Contour Fort   ✗
Promontory Fort   ✗
Hillslope Fort   ✗
Level Terrain Fort   ✗
Marsh Fort   ✗
Multiple Enclosure Fort   ✗

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop   ✓
Coastal Promontory   ✗
Inland Promontory   ✗
Valley Bottom   ✗
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   ✗
Ridge   ✗
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   ✗
Hillslope   ✗
Lowland   ✗
Spur   ✗

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North   ✗
Northeast   ✗
East   ✗
Southeast   ✗
South   ✗
Southwest   ✗
West   ✗
Northwest   ✗
Level   ✓

Altitude:  160.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

In the absence of excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC   ✗
1200BC - 800BC   ✗
800BC - 400BC   ✗
400BC - AD50   ✗
AD50 - AD400   ✗
AD400 - AD 800   ✗
Post AD800   ✗
Unknown   ✓

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   Ploughed flat and was partly planted with trees in the 19th century

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

Photographed by RCAHMS Aerial Survey Programme in 1977 and 1984, and by CUCAP in 1979

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1755):   Shown on William Roy's Military Map of Scotland (1747-55)
1st Identified Written Reference (1794):   Noted (Stat Acct, xiii, 1794, 99)
Other (1865):   Annotated 'Site of Camp (Supposed Roman)' in Roman type on the 1st edition of the OS 25-inch map (Forfar 1865, sheet 49.16)
Other (1956):   Visited by RCAHMS Survey of Marginal Lands
Other (1958):   Visited by the OS
Other (1977):   First photographed as a cropmark.
Other (1996):   Scheduled

Interior Features

Featureless

Water Source

None

Source:
None   ✓
Spring   ✗
Stream   ✗
Pool   ✗
Flush   ✗
Well   ✗
Other   ✗

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features   ✓
Round Stone Structures   ✗
Rectangular Stone Structures   ✗
Curvilinear Platforms   ✗
Other Roundhouse Evidence   ✗
Pits   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation   ✓
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics   ✓
Pits   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds   ✓
Pottery   ✗
Metal   ✗
Metalworking   ✗
Human Bones   ✗
Animal Bones   ✗
Lithics   ✗
Environmental   ✗
Other   ✗

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked   ✗
None   ✓
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Other   ✗

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
4:   ploughed flat

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   At least four

Guard Chambers:  ✗

Chevaux de Frise:  ✗

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (South east):   In the flattened E end close to the SE angle and implying there may be at least one other in this end.
2. Simple Gap (South west):   a bleaching in the crop running up into the interior and conceivable a natural feature
3. Simple Gap (West):   A posssible gap on the WSW
4. Simple Gap (West):   A possible gap adjacent to the modern wall

Enclosing Works

Four concentric ditches, presumably with upcast ditches; a fifth line on the SE is slightly eccentric by comparison to teh main belt of ditches and is likely to be a later enclosure boundary

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   1.93ha.
Total:   1.93ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   4
SE Quadrant:   4
SW Quadrant:   4
NW Quadrant:   4
Total:   4

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✓
Unknown   ✗

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None   ✓
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✗
Rubble   ✗
Wall-walk   ✗
Evidence of Timber   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✗
Murus Duplex   ✗
Timber-framed   ✗
Timber-laced   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
No Known Excavation   ✓
Other   ✗

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   None

Number of Ditches:  4

Annex:
✗   None

References

Warden, A J (1880-5) Angus or Forfarshire: the land and people, descriptive and historical (5v). Dundee (Vol. 4, p 297-8)

Stat Acct (date) Statistical Account of Scotland: Drawn up from the Communications of the Ministers of the Different Parishes (Sinclair, J ed), 1791-99



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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