Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC3100 Whiting Ness, Angus

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

HER:  Angus SMR per Aberdeenshire Council NO64SE0012 (None)

NMR:  NO 64 SE 12 (68234)

SM:  None

NGR:  NO 6594 4112

X:  365940  Y:  741120  (OSGB36)

Summary

Still visible at the end of the 18th century (Stat Acct, xii, 1794, 183n), when it was noted as the burial-ground of a chapel traditionally ascribed to St Ninian, this probable promontory fort is otherwise known only from cropmarks. These reveal a ditch about 4m in breadth drawn in a shallow arc across the N and E approaches to cut off a triangular area measuring about 65m from NW to SE immediately to its rear by 45m transversely (0.16ha). Elsewhere the interior is defined by an actively eroding sea cliff on the S, and a relict cliff reduced to a rocky escarpment on the W, at the foot of which is St Ninian's Well. The escarpment has been heavily modified by the construction in the 1790s of a trackway up the face of the slope, which revealed the ends of several cists (Stat Acct, xii, 1794, 183n). More recently another three small cists have eroded out of the cliff-edge above the sea, two of which were excavated, but empty (Benvie 1993; 1995). The interior is otherwise featureless and the position of the entrance is not known.

Status

Citizen Science:  ✗

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -284506  Y:  7670887  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -2.5557570042100157  Latitude:  56.56085977723116  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Angus

Historic County:  Angus

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Arbroath And St Vigeans

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant   ✗
Cropmark   ✓
Likely Destroyed   ✗

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland   ✗
Commercial Forestry Plantation   ✗
Parkland   ✗
Pasture (Grazing)   ✗
Arable   ✗
Scrub/Bracken   ✗
Bare Outcrop   ✗
Heather/Moorland   ✗
Heath   ✗
Built-up   ✗
Coastal Grassland   ✓
Other   ✗

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort   ✗
Partial Contour Fort   ✗
Promontory Fort   ✓
Hillslope Fort   ✗
Level Terrain Fort   ✗
Marsh Fort   ✗
Multiple Enclosure Fort   ✗

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop   ✗
Coastal Promontory   ✓
Inland Promontory   ✗
Valley Bottom   ✗
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   ✗
Ridge   ✗
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   ✗
Hillslope   ✗
Lowland   ✗
Spur   ✗

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North   ✗
Northeast   ✗
East   ✗
Southeast   ✗
South   ✗
Southwest   ✗
West   ✗
Northwest   ✗
Level   ✓

Altitude:  15.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

Analogy with other sites would suggest that the long cist cemetery has been inserted into an earlier promontory enclosure, though there is a possibility that the ditch is deliberately constructed as a monastic vallum

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC   ✗
1200BC - 800BC   ✗
800BC - 400BC   ✗
400BC - AD50   ✗
AD50 - AD400   ✗
AD400 - AD 800   ✓
Post AD800   ✗
Unknown   ✓

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   Long cist cemetery, eroding in recent times, and chapel

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

None

Investigations:
1st Identified Written Reference (1794):   Cists found and noted as the burial-ground (Stat Acct, xii, 1794, 183n)
1st Identified Map Depiction (1859):   Annotated 'Supposed Site of St Ninian's Chapel and Grave Yard' on the 1st edition OS 25-inch map (Forfar 1865, sheet 46.16)
Other (1958):   Visited by the OS
Other (1988):   Photographed by RCAHMS Aerial Survey Programme
Excavation (1993):   Three small long cists discovered (Benvie, 1993; 1995)

Interior Features

Featureless, but traditionally the site of a chapel (Stat Acct, xii, 1794, 183n)

Water Source

St Ninian's Well lies at the foot of the escarpment on the W

Source:
None   ✓
Spring   ✗
Stream   ✗
Pool   ✗
Flush   ✗
Well   ✗
Other   ✗

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features   ✓
Round Stone Structures   ✗
Rectangular Stone Structures   ✗
Curvilinear Platforms   ✗
Other Roundhouse Evidence   ✗
Pits   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavation

Cists found in the late 18th century (Stat Acct, xii, 1794, 183n), and others in 1993 (Benvie 1993; 1995)

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✓
Nothing Found   ✗

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics   ✓
Pits   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds   ✓
Pottery   ✗
Metal   ✗
Metalworking   ✗
Human Bones   ✗
Animal Bones   ✗
Lithics   ✗
Environmental   ✗
Other   ✗

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked   ✗
None   ✓
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Other   ✗

Entrances

None known

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
0:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None known

Guard Chambers:  ✗

Chevaux de Frise:  ✗

Entrances:No related records

Enclosing Works

Single ditch, presumably with an upcast rampart

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.16ha.
Total:   0.16ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   0
SW Quadrant:   0
NW Quadrant:   0
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✓
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗
Unknown   ✗

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None   ✓
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✗
Rubble   ✗
Wall-walk   ✗
Evidence of Timber   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✗
Murus Duplex   ✗
Timber-framed   ✗
Timber-laced   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
No Known Excavation   ✓
Other   ✗

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   Revealed by cropmarks

Number of Ditches:  1

Annex:
✗   None

References

Benvie, R (1993) 'Whiting Ness (Arbroath & St Vigeans parish): stone drain'. Disc Exc Scot (1993), 94

Benvie, R. (1995) 'Whiting Ness (Arbroath & St Vigeans parish), stone drain'. Disc Exc Scot (1995), 92

Stat Acct (date) Statistical Account of Scotland: Drawn up from the Communications of the Ministers of the Different Parishes (Sinclair, J ed), 1791-99 OSA



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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