Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC3119 Maiden Castle, Bracks, Lomond Hills, Fife (Bracks Plantation)

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Fife Council None (None)

NMR:  NO 20 NW 7 (29936)

SM:  813

NGR:  NO 2220 0688

X:  322200  Y:  706880  (OSGB36)

Summary

This fortification encloses a hillock on one of the northern spurs of the Lomond Hills. Oval on plan, it measures about 145m from ESE to WNW by 70m transversely within a ditch with an external bank, but there was probably once at least one rampart set back up the slope, traces of which survive as low terraces on the steep NE and SW flanks, while oblique aerial photographs taken by RCAHMS indicate an irregular line along the N and S margins of the flat summit, identified in 1972 by an OS surveyor as a marker trench, which is possibly the remains of another circuit. Taking this latter to represent a minimum extent for the interior, it measures about 120m in length by little more than 30m in breadth (0.35ha). There are gaps in the perimeter at either end, both with traces of trackways mounting the flank of the knoll, that on the W forming a terrace curling up the end of the knoll from the S. There are numerous irregularities across the summit but no clearly defined timber round-houses.

Status

Citizen Science:  ✗

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -362579  Y:  7607964  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -3.2570986429800213  Latitude:  56.2480963311823  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Fife

Historic County:  Fife

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Falkland

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant   ✓
Cropmark   ✗
Likely Destroyed   ✗

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland   ✗
Commercial Forestry Plantation   ✗
Parkland   ✗
Pasture (Grazing)   ✓
Arable   ✗
Scrub/Bracken   ✗
Bare Outcrop   ✗
Heather/Moorland   ✓
Heath   ✗
Built-up   ✗
Coastal Grassland   ✗
Other   ✗

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort   ✓
Partial Contour Fort   ✗
Promontory Fort   ✗
Hillslope Fort   ✗
Level Terrain Fort   ✗
Marsh Fort   ✗
Multiple Enclosure Fort   ✗

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop   ✗
Coastal Promontory   ✗
Inland Promontory   ✗
Valley Bottom   ✗
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   ✓
Ridge   ✗
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   ✗
Hillslope   ✗
Lowland   ✗
Spur   ✗

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North   ✗
Northeast   ✗
East   ✗
Southeast   ✗
South   ✗
Southwest   ✗
West   ✗
Northwest   ✗
Level   ✓

Altitude:  310.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

In the absence of excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC   ✗
1200BC - 800BC   ✗
800BC - 400BC   ✗
400BC - AD50   ✗
AD50 - AD400   ✗
AD400 - AD 800   ✗
Post AD800   ✗
Unknown   ✓

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

RCAHMS holds an extensive collection of aerial photographs

Investigations:
1st Identified Written Reference (1792):   Noted (Stat Acct, 1v, 1792, 449)
Other (1829):   Description (Miller 1857, 34-5)
1st Identified Map Depiction (1854):   Named in Gothic type on the 1st edition OS 6-inch map (Fife 1856, sheet 16)
Earthwork Survey (1925):   Plan and description (RCAHMS 1933, 142, no.242, fig 284; RCAHMS FID 31/1-2)
Other (1936):   Scheduled
Other (1951):   Visited for RCAHMS Survey of Marginal Lands
Other (1972):   Resurveyed at 1:2500 by the OS
Other (2002):   Re-Scheduled

Interior Features

Numerous irregularities but no clearly defined round-house stances

Water Source

None

Source:
None   ✓
Spring   ✗
Stream   ✗
Pool   ✗
Flush   ✗
Well   ✗
Other   ✗

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features   ✓
Round Stone Structures   ✗
Rectangular Stone Structures   ✗
Curvilinear Platforms   ✗
Other Roundhouse Evidence   ✗
Pits   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation   ✓
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics   ✓
Pits   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds   ✓
Pottery   ✗
Metal   ✗
Metalworking   ✗
Human Bones   ✗
Animal Bones   ✗
Lithics   ✗
Environmental   ✗
Other   ✗

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked   ✗
None   ✓
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Other   ✗

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
2:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  ✗

Chevaux de Frise:  ✗

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (East):   traces of a probable trackway
2. Hollow Way (West):   Only the trackway is visible

Enclosing Works

A clearly defined ditch with external bank round the foot of the hillock and possibly two other internal circuits.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.35ha.
Total:   0.35ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   3
SE Quadrant:   2
SW Quadrant:   3
NW Quadrant:   2
Total:   3

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✓
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✓
Multivallate   ✗
Unknown   ✗

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗

Surface Evidence

There is no evidence to sustain the claim by the OS that the defences are unfinished

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✓
Stone Wall   ✗
Rubble   ✗
Wall-walk   ✗
Evidence of Timber   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✓
Other   ✗

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✗
Murus Duplex   ✗
Timber-framed   ✗
Timber-laced   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
No Known Excavation   ✓
Other   ✗

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   None

Number of Ditches:  1

Annex:
✗   None

References

Miller, Lieut-Col. (1857) 'An inquiry respecting the site of the Battle of Mons Grampius'. Archaeol Scot 4 (1857), 19-52.

RCAHMS. (1933) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments and Constructions of Scotland. Eleventh report with inventory of monuments and constructions in the counties of Fife, Kinross, and Clackmannan. HMSO: Edinburgh



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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