Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC3569 Lour, Peeblesshire

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Scottish Borders 49810 (None)

NMR:  NT 13 NE 1 (49810)

SM:  2880

NGR:  NT 1795 3570

X:  317950  Y:  635700  (OSGB36)

Summary

The deserted fermtoun around the stump of the old tower at Lour stands within and overlies the ramparts of an earlier fortification. D-shaped on plan, this earlier work encloses a low hillock backing onto the escarpment above the Lour burn on the NE and is defended elsewhere by an arc of twin ramparts with a medial ditch; these were sectioned during excavations in 1959-60, but revealed little detail of their construction (Dunbar and Hay 1961, 202-3). The interior measures some 87m from NW to SE along the lip of the escarpment by 53m transversely (0.44ha), but is entirely obscured by the buildings, yards and gardens of the fermtoun. Deeply worn trackways enter the fermtoun from the NW and SE, and there is also a gap leading through from the SW, but it is unknown whether any of these utilise an original entrance into the fort. A fragment of a glass bangle dating from the 1st or 2nd centuries AD and the upper stone of a rotary quern were recovered during the excavations.

Status

Citizen Science:  ✗

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -367801  Y:  7480772  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -3.3040117950505694  Latitude:  55.60799912517799  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Scottish Borders

Historic County:  Peeblesshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Drumelzier

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant   ✓
Cropmark   ✗
Likely Destroyed   ✗

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland   ✗
Commercial Forestry Plantation   ✗
Parkland   ✗
Pasture (Grazing)   ✓
Arable   ✗
Scrub/Bracken   ✗
Bare Outcrop   ✗
Heather/Moorland   ✗
Heath   ✗
Built-up   ✗
Coastal Grassland   ✗
Other   ✗

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort   ✓
Partial Contour Fort   ✗
Promontory Fort   ✗
Hillslope Fort   ✗
Level Terrain Fort   ✗
Marsh Fort   ✗
Multiple Enclosure Fort   ✗

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop   ✗
Coastal Promontory   ✗
Inland Promontory   ✗
Valley Bottom   ✗
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   ✗
Ridge   ✗
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   ✓
Hillslope   ✗
Lowland   ✗
Spur   ✗

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North   ✗
Northeast   ✗
East   ✗
Southeast   ✗
South   ✗
Southwest   ✗
West   ✗
Northwest   ✗
Level   ✓

Altitude:  258.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

The recovery of a fragment of glass bangle dating from the 1st or 2nd centuries AD, and the upper stone of a rotary quern probably indicate occupation during the Roman Iron Age, but there is no reason why the defences should date from this period.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC   ✗
1200BC - 800BC   ✗
800BC - 400BC   ✗
400BC - AD50   ✗
AD50 - AD400   ✓
AD400 - AD 800   ✗
Post AD800   ✓
Unknown   ✓

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   Occupied by a post-medieval fermtoun and tower

Evidence:
Artefactual:   None

Investigation History

Photographed by RCAHMS Aerial Survey Programme in 1980, 1981, 1982 and 2010

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1856):   Named in Gothic type on the 1st edition OS 25-inch map (Peebles 1859, sheet 16.3)
Earthwork Survey (1886):   Sketch-plan and description by David Christison (1887, 69-70, pl 5, fig 62)
Earthwork Survey (1958):   Plan and description (RCAHMS 1967, 130, no.302; 239-43, no.517, fig 243; RCAHMS PBD 173/1 & PBD 256/1-2)
Excavation (1959):   By John Dunbar and Geoffrey Hay (1961)
Excavation (1960):   By John Dunbar and Geoffrey Hay (1961)
Other (1964):   Visited by the OS
Other (1969):   Scheduled
Other (1972):   Resurveyed at 1:2500 by the OS
Other (1974):   Re-Scheduled

Interior Features

Occupied by a post-medieval tower and fermtoun

Water Source

None

Source:
None   ✓
Spring   ✗
Stream   ✗
Pool   ✗
Flush   ✗
Well   ✗
Other   ✗

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features   ✗
Round Stone Structures   ✗
Rectangular Stone Structures   ✓
Curvilinear Platforms   ✗
Other Roundhouse Evidence   ✗
Pits   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation   ✗
Pits   ✓
Postholes   ✓
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✓
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics   ✓
Pits   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Finds

Glass bangle and upper stone of a rotary quern

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds   ✗
Pottery   ✗
Metal   ✗
Metalworking   ✗
Human Bones   ✗
Animal Bones   ✗
Lithics   ✗
Environmental   ✗
Other   ✓

Aerial

NO APPARENT FEATURES

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked   ✗
None   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✓
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Other   ✗

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
3:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   Not known

Guard Chambers:  ✗

Chevaux de Frise:  ✗

Entrances:No related records

Enclosing Works

Twin ramparts and a medial ditch forming a D-shaped enclosure backing onto the edge of an escarpment

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.44ha.
Total:   0.44ha.

Total Footprint Area:  0.73ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   0
SE Quadrant:   2
SW Quadrant:   2
NW Quadrant:   2
Total:   2

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✓
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗
Unknown   ✗

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✓
Stone Wall   ✗
Rubble   ✗
Wall-walk   ✗
Evidence of Timber   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavated Evidence

Ditch

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✓
Stone Wall   ✗
Murus Duplex   ✗
Timber-framed   ✗
Timber-laced   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✓
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
No Known Excavation   ✗
Other   ✓

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   None

Number of Ditches:  1

Annex:
✗   None

References

Christison, D (1887) 'The prehistoric forts of Peeblesshire'. Proc Soc Antiq Scot 21 (1886-7), 13-82

Dunbar and Hay, J G and G D (1963) 'Excavations at Lour, Stobo, 1959-60'. Proc Soc Antiq Scot 94 (1960-1), 196-205

RCAHMS (1967) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland. Peeblesshire: an inventory of the ancient monuments, 2v. HMSO: Edinburgh



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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