Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

SC3627 Hog Hill, Peeblesshire (Wester Happrew)

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Scottish Borders 50054 (None)

NMR:  NT 14 SE 3 (50054)

SM:  2944

NGR:  NT 1684 4212

X:  316840  Y:  642120  (OSGB36)

Summary

This fort is situated on a moderately steep slope on the E flank of Hog Hill, which is an unlikely position for a fort. Nevertheless the strength of its defences around the uphill, NW and SW. flanks, comprising an inner circuit of two ramparts with a medial ditch, and an outer work of a single rampart with an external ditch, leaves little doubt to the intentions of its builders. Indeed, while the inner rampart stands some 1.5m high internally on the N, externally it falls 2.8m into the bottom of the flanking ditch, which averages about 6m in breadth; the medial rampart on the counterscarp here stands 1.5m high externally. These ramparts were probably originally rather slighter along the downslope, E, flank, but the inner has in any case been demolished and the outer reduced to a scarp, while a quarry has also been cut through them into the interior. The outer work is constructed on a similar scale, but appears to be an addition which may never have been carried around the E flank; roughly concentric around the NW, creating a multivallate belt some 35m deep, on the SW it diverges slightly to include two platforms, leading the RCAHMS investigators who drew up the plan in 1959 to speculate that these were occupied house platforms that were being brought within the compass of the enlarged defences. The interior of the inner enclosure, which measures about 65m from N to S by 49m transversely (0.25ha), has evidently been excavated into the slope and contains at least six crescentic scarps that probably mark the stances of timber round-houses; four of them are set round the uphill side. The entrance approaches obliquely along the slope on the NE, exposing the visitor's right side in front of the gap in the innermost rampart; this effect is enhanced by the way the W terminal appears to turns slightly inside the line of the degraded rampart on the E side.

Status

Citizen Science:  ✗

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -369978  Y:  7492109  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -3.3235697770758597  Latitude:  55.66548143775581  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Scotland

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Scottish Borders

Historic County:  Peeblesshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Stobo

Monument Condition

None

Condition:
Extant   ✓
Cropmark   ✗
Likely Destroyed   ✗

Land Use

None

Current Use:
Woodland   ✗
Commercial Forestry Plantation   ✗
Parkland   ✗
Pasture (Grazing)   ✓
Arable   ✗
Scrub/Bracken   ✗
Bare Outcrop   ✗
Heather/Moorland   ✗
Heath   ✗
Built-up   ✗
Coastal Grassland   ✗
Other   ✗

Landscape

Hillfort Type

None

Type:
Contour Fort   ✗
Partial Contour Fort   ✗
Promontory Fort   ✗
Hillslope Fort   ✓
Level Terrain Fort   ✗
Marsh Fort   ✗
Multiple Enclosure Fort   ✗

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop   ✗
Coastal Promontory   ✗
Inland Promontory   ✗
Valley Bottom   ✗
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   ✗
Ridge   ✗
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   ✗
Hillslope   ✓
Lowland   ✗
Spur   ✗

Dominant Topographic Feature:  None

Aspect:
North   ✗
Northeast   ✗
East   ✓
Southeast   ✗
South   ✗
Southwest   ✗
West   ✗
Northwest   ✗
Level   ✗

Altitude:  260.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

In the absence of excavation, there are neither stratified artefacts nor radiocarbon dates to provide a chronology for the defences.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC   ✗
1200BC - 800BC   ✗
800BC - 400BC   ✗
400BC - AD50   ✗
AD50 - AD400   ✗
AD400 - AD 800   ✗
Post AD800   ✗
Unknown   ✓

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

Photographed by CUCAP in 1977 and 1981, and RCAHMS Aerial Survey Programme in 1980, 1991 and 2010

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1775):   Concentric ring symbol on Mostyn Armstrong's map of The County of Peebles or Tweedale (1775)
Other (1856):   Annotated Fort on the 1st edition OS 25-inch map (Peebles 1863, sheet 12.3)
Other (1864):   Listed by William Chambers (1864, 30)
Earthwork Survey (1886):   Sketch-plan and description by David Christison (1887, 33-5, fig 18)
Earthwork Survey (1959):   Plan and description (RCAHMS 1967, 122-4, no.289, fig 106; RCAHMS PBD 115/1-2)
Other (1970):   Scheduled
Other (1971):   Surveyed at 1:2500 by the OS

Interior Features

The interior has been scooped into the slope, and a series of scoops around the uphill side include four probably house platforms. The only other features are a relatively modern quarry dug across the defences into the interior on the downslope side and a second quarry in the N end of the interior.

Water Source

None

Source:
None   ✓
Spring   ✗
Stream   ✗
Pool   ✗
Flush   ✗
Well   ✗
Other   ✗

Surface

Possibly as many as six platforms

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features   ✗
Round Stone Structures   ✗
Rectangular Stone Structures   ✗
Curvilinear Platforms   ✓
Other Roundhouse Evidence   ✗
Pits   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation   ✓
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics   ✓
Pits   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds   ✓
Pottery   ✗
Metal   ✗
Metalworking   ✗
Human Bones   ✗
Animal Bones   ✗
Lithics   ✗
Environmental   ✗
Other   ✗

Aerial

Two of the scoops are clearly visible

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked   ✗
None   ✗
Roundhouses   ✓
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Other   ✗

Entrances

See main summary

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  ✗

Chevaux de Frise:  ✗

Entrances:
1. Oblique (North east):   Along the slope. Oblique approach exposing right side

Enclosing Works

Up to three ramparts around the uphill side, the innermost and outermost with external ditches

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.25ha.
Total:   0.25ha.

Total Footprint Area:  0.95ha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   2
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   3
NW Quadrant:   3
Total:   3

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✓
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✓
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✓
Multivallate   ✗
Unknown   ✗

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✓
Stone Wall   ✗
Rubble   ✗
Wall-walk   ✗
Evidence of Timber   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✗
Murus Duplex   ✗
Timber-framed   ✗
Timber-laced   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
No Known Excavation   ✓
Other   ✗

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   None

Number of Ditches:  2

Annex:
✗   None

References

Chambers, W (1864) A History of Peeblessire. William and Robert Chambers: Edinburgh and London

Christison, D (1887) 'The prehistoric forts of Peeblesshire'. Proc Soc Antiq Scot 21 (1886-7), 13-82

RCAHMS (1967) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland. Peeblesshire: an inventory of the ancient monuments, 2v. HMSO: Edinburgh



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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