Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

WA1309 Twyn-y-Gaer, Garthbrengy, Brecknockshire

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Clwyd Powys 458 (None)

NMR:  SO 03 NE 1 (92028)

SM:  BR034

NGR:  SO05443526

X:  305440  Y:  235269  (OSGB36)

Summary

Prominent, roughly circular, univallate, contour hilfort located high above the River Honddu, a tributary of the River Usk, commanding the river at Honddu Isaf. Surrounding slopes moderate to strong on N to marshy valley, with land falling less on S and W and even less on E. Measures c. 70m by 75m with internal area 0.38ha. Defined by single, fairly strong, rampart with ditch with continuous counterscarp. Evidence of stone revetting on SW rampart. Ditch is infilled hollow on all sides except N where reduced to shelf. A 50m length of bank of sandstone rubble with flanking ditches extends to the NE and 14m width extends from the causewayed entrance for c. 50m. Unknown whether this is a contemporary feature or later. Levelled platform in interior attached to SE rampart is either a later fold or contemporary hut c. 10m across. Site suggested by Savory (1952, 15, 72) as medieval. Generally well preserved despite plough damage. Extensive system of small fields surround the fort. On 1st Ed. OS map (1888). Few investigations. Undated.

Status

Citizen Science:  ✗

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -376159  Y:  6801524  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -3.3790932541952476  Latitude:  52.007734837136894  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Wales

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Powys

Historic County:  Brecknockshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Honddu Isaf

Monument Condition

Generally well-preserved, but main rampart reduced to scarp and modern ploughing damaged feature projecting from NE and ditch damaged on SW.

Condition:
Extant   ✓
Cropmark   ✗
Likely Destroyed   ✗

Land Use

Grass and bracken covered banks.

Current Use:
Woodland   ✗
Commercial Forestry Plantation   ✗
Parkland   ✗
Pasture (Grazing)   ✓
Arable   ✗
Scrub/Bracken   ✓
Bare Outcrop   ✗
Heather/Moorland   ✗
Heath   ✗
Built-up   ✗
Coastal Grassland   ✗
Other   ✗

Landscape

Hillfort Type

Prominent, roughly circular, univallate, contour hilfort located high above the River Honddu, a tributary of the River Usk, commanding the river. Surrounding slopes moderate to strong on N to marshy valley, with land falling less on S and W and even less on E.

Type:
Contour Fort   ✓
Partial Contour Fort   ✗
Promontory Fort   ✗
Hillslope Fort   ✗
Level Terrain Fort   ✗
Marsh Fort   ✗
Multiple Enclosure Fort   ✗

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop   ✓
Coastal Promontory   ✗
Inland Promontory   ✗
Valley Bottom   ✗
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   ✗
Ridge   ✗
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   ✗
Hillslope   ✗
Lowland   ✗
Spur   ✗

Dominant Topographic Feature:  Hill top

Aspect:
North   ✗
Northeast   ✗
East   ✗
Southeast   ✗
South   ✗
Southwest   ✗
West   ✗
Northwest   ✗
Level   ✓

Altitude:  370.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

None.

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC   ✗
1200BC - 800BC   ✗
800BC - 400BC   ✗
400BC - AD50   ✗
AD50 - AD400   ✗
AD400 - AD 800   ✗
Post AD800   ✗
Unknown   ✓

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   A causewayed enclosure has been suggested - no details.
Post Hillfort:   Site suggested by Savory (1952, 15, 72) as medieval and uncertainty still remains.

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

On 1st Ed. OS map (1888). CPAT defended enclosures survey 2006-2007.

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1888):   OS map.
Other (1982):   Visit by Hillfort Study Group
Other (None):   CPAT defended enclosures survey.

Interior Features

Levelled platform in interior attached to SE rampart. Either later fold or contemporary hut c. 10 across.

Water Source

Stream 0.3km outside fort.

Source:
None   ✓
Spring   ✗
Stream   ✗
Pool   ✗
Flush   ✗
Well   ✗
Other   ✗

Surface

Levelled platform in interior attached to SE rampart. Either later fold or contemporary hut c. 10 across.

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features   ✗
Round Stone Structures   ✗
Rectangular Stone Structures   ✗
Curvilinear Platforms   ✓
Other Roundhouse Evidence   ✗
Pits   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation   ✓
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics   ✓
Pits   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds   ✓
Pottery   ✗
Metal   ✗
Metalworking   ✗
Human Bones   ✗
Animal Bones   ✗
Lithics   ✗
Environmental   ✗
Other   ✗

Aerial

None

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked   ✓
None   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Other   ✗

Entrances

Causewayed entrance on NE.

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
1:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  ✗

Chevaux de Frise:  ✗

Entrances:
1. Simple Gap (North east):   Causewayed entrance.

Enclosing Works

Defined by single, fairly strong, rampart with ditch with continuous counterscarp. Evidence of stone revetting on SW rampart. Ditch is infilled hollow on all sides except N where reduced to shelf. A 50m length of bank of sandstone rubble with flanking ditches extends to the NE and 14m width extends from the causewayed entrance for c. 50m

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.38ha.
Total:   0.38ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   None

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   1
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✓
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗
Unknown   ✗

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗

Surface Evidence

Possibly earth and sandstone rubble banks. Evidence of stone revetting on SW rampart. Continuous counbterscarp.

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✓
Stone Wall   ✓
Rubble   ✓
Wall-walk   ✗
Evidence of Timber   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✓
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✗
Murus Duplex   ✗
Timber-framed   ✗
Timber-laced   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
No Known Excavation   ✓
Other   ✗

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   Ditch is infilled hollow on all sides except N where reduced to shelf.

Number of Ditches:  1

Annex:
✗   None

References

RCAHMW 1986. An inventory of the ancient monuments in Brecknock (Brycheiniog). The Prehistoric and Roman monuments, Vol 1, Part 2, Hill-forts and Roman remains, London: HMSO.

Savory, H.N. 1952. List of Hill-forts and other earthworks in Wales, III, Brecknockshire, Bull Board Celtic Stud, 15, 72.



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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