Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

WA1397 Cwm Aran, Radnorshire

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Clwyd Powys 1107 (None)

NMR:  SO 17 SW 3 (306169)

SM:  RD094(POW)

NGR:  SO 14630 70090

X:  314630  Y:  270090  (OSGB36)

Summary

Complex, univallate, contour hillfort located on a rocky hill above River Aran to E and SE. Steep surrounding slopes to S and W, less to N and E. Measures c. 75m E-W by c. 50m SE-NW, with internal area 0.38ha. Defined by intermittent bank and ditch surrounding site, but with a low outer bank, showing as a low counterscarp, on SE side. On WNW side, two arms of the earthwork overlap for some 30m, suggesting an annexe, but it is possible that this was more to do with entrance, perhaps outworks. Entrance is a 8m-wide gap through the two overlapping inner and outer arms, but this is not proven. Another 3m-wide gap, just above the counterscarp on the E, may be original, but also not proven. Rectangular hut c. 16m long in interior, but date unknown and may be medieval. Rough upland grazing. Well-preserved. On 1st Ed. OS map (1889). Minimal investigations, undated.

Status

Citizen Science:  ✗

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -362234  Y:  6858597  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -3.254006537567525  Latitude:  52.32221404596261  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Wales

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Powys

Historic County:  Radnorshire

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  Llandewi Ystradenny

Monument Condition

Well-preserved.

Condition:
Extant   ✓
Cropmark   ✗
Likely Destroyed   ✗

Land Use

Rough upland grazing and bare rock.

Current Use:
Woodland   ✗
Commercial Forestry Plantation   ✗
Parkland   ✗
Pasture (Grazing)   ✓
Arable   ✗
Scrub/Bracken   ✗
Bare Outcrop   ✗
Heather/Moorland   ✗
Heath   ✗
Built-up   ✗
Coastal Grassland   ✗
Other   ✗

Landscape

Hillfort Type

Univallate contour hillfort located on a rocky hill above River Aran to E and SE. Steep surrounding slopes to S and W, less to N and E.

Type:
Contour Fort   ✓
Partial Contour Fort   ✗
Promontory Fort   ✗
Hillslope Fort   ✗
Level Terrain Fort   ✗
Marsh Fort   ✗
Multiple Enclosure Fort   ✗

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop   ✓
Coastal Promontory   ✗
Inland Promontory   ✗
Valley Bottom   ✗
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop   ✗
Ridge   ✗
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp   ✗
Hillslope   ✗
Lowland   ✗
Spur   ✗

Dominant Topographic Feature:  Hill top

Aspect:
North   ✗
Northeast   ✗
East   ✗
Southeast   ✗
South   ✗
Southwest   ✗
West   ✗
Northwest   ✗
Level   ✓

Altitude:  328.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

None

Reliability:  D - None

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC   ✗
1200BC - 800BC   ✗
800BC - 400BC   ✗
400BC - AD50   ✗
AD50 - AD400   ✗
AD400 - AD 800   ✗
Post AD800   ✗
Unknown   ✓

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   The rectangular hut in interior may be medieval. No details.

Evidence:No related records

Investigation History

On 1st Ed. OS map (1889). CPAT defended enclosures survey 2006.

Investigations:
1st Identified Map Depiction (1889):   OS map.
Other (2006):   CPAT defended enclosures survey.

Interior Features

Rectangular hut c. 16m long in interior, but date unknown and may be medieval.

Water Source

None

Source:
None   ✓
Spring   ✗
Stream   ✗
Pool   ✗
Flush   ✗
Well   ✗
Other   ✗

Surface

Rectangular hut c. 16m long in interior, but date unknown and may be medieval.

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features   ✗
Round Stone Structures   ✗
Rectangular Stone Structures   ✓
Curvilinear Platforms   ✗
Other Roundhouse Evidence   ✗
Pits   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation   ✓
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics   ✓
Pits   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Quarry Hollows   ✗
Other   ✗
Nothing Found   ✗

Finds

None

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds   ✓
Pottery   ✗
Metal   ✗
Metalworking   ✗
Human Bones   ✗
Animal Bones   ✗
Lithics   ✗
Environmental   ✗
Other   ✗

Aerial

None

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked   ✓
None   ✗
Roundhouses   ✗
Rectangular Structures   ✗
Pits   ✗
Postholes   ✗
Roads/Tracks   ✗
Other   ✗

Entrances

On WNW side, two arms of the earthwork overlap for some 30m. It is possible that these are entrance outworks. The entrance is an 8m-wide gap through the two overlapping inner and outer arms, but this is not proven. Another 3m-wide gap, just above the counterscarp on the E, may be original, but also not proven and may be later.

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
2:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   3m-wide gap, just above the counterscarp on the E, may be original, but not proven and may be later.

Guard Chambers:  ✗

Chevaux de Frise:  ✗

Entrances:
1. Outworks (North west):   Simple gap with possible outworks
1. Simple Gap (North west):   The entrance is an 8m-wide gap through the two overlapping inner and outer arms, but this is not proven.
1. Over-lapping (North west):   The entrance is an 8m-wide gap through the two overlapping inner and outer arms, but this is not proven.
2. Simple Gap (East):   May be later.

Enclosing Works

Defined by intermittent bank and ditch surrounding site, but with a low outer bank, showing as a low counterscarp, on SE side. On WNW side, two arms of the earthwork overlap for some 30m. It is possible that this was to do with the entrance.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.38ha.
Total:   0.38ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✓   Banks overlap on NW.

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   1
SE Quadrant:   1
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   2
Total:   2

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✓
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✓
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗
Unknown   ✗

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate   ✗
Univallate   ✗
Partial Bivallate   ✗
Bivallate   ✗
Partial Multivallate   ✗
Multivallate   ✗

Surface Evidence

Possible counterscarp on SE side.

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✓
Stone Wall   ✗
Rubble   ✗
Wall-walk   ✗
Evidence of Timber   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✓
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
Other   ✗

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None   ✗
Earthen Bank   ✗
Stone Wall   ✗
Murus Duplex   ✗
Timber-framed   ✗
Timber-laced   ✗
Vitrification   ✗
Other Burning   ✗
Palisade   ✗
Counter Scarp Bank   ✗
Berm   ✗
Unfinished   ✗
No Known Excavation   ✓
Other   ✗

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   None

Number of Ditches:  1

Annex:
✗   On WNW side, two arms of the earthwork overlap for some 30m, suggesting an annexe, but it is possible that this was more to do with entrance, and as result not included.

References

Silvester, R.J. and Hankinson, R. 2006. Defended enclosures in Radnorshire. Project report, CPAT Report 781, Welshpool: CPAT.



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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