Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland

WA1652 Llwynheiernin, Glamorgan (Llwyn Heiernin)

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

LiDAR 1m DTM Hillshade

Satellite Imagery

Satellite Imagery

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HER:  Glamorgan Gwent 00451w (None)

NMR:  SS 69 SE (None)

SM:  GM315

NGR:  SS67379472

X:  267370  Y:  194720  (OSGB36)

Summary

Small oval hillslope fort located on N side of Kilvey Hill, Swansea, near to Carn Nicolas hillfort (Atlas No 1653) (0.35km) and overlooking River Tawe. Moderate to strong surrounding slopes. Measures c. 63m E-W by 50m on almost level ground with general fall to N with internal area 0.25ha. At present defined by low bank and shallow ditch, best on W where bank only 0.5m high and only 7m overall. On N field bank confuses interpretation, and bank could have been obliterated here. On S bank very faint and spread and on E gone. However, excavation by B. Morris for Gower Society and Royal Institution of South Wales (1960s, no reference) suggests two banks with medial flat-bottomed ditch. No entrance defined. Sherd of mid second century AD Samian ware beneath inner bank.

Status

Citizen Science:  

Reliability of Data:  Confirmed

Reliability of Interpretation:  Confirmed

Location

X:  -436140  Y:  6734497  (EPSG: 3857)

Longitude:  -3.917913784836986  Latitude:  51.635562054867435  (EPSG:4326)

Country:  Wales

Current County or Unitary Authority:  Swansea

Historic County:  Glamorgan

Current Parish/Community/Council/Townland:  St Thomas

Monument Condition

Damaged and much lost.

Condition:
Extant  
Cropmark  
Likely Destroyed  

Land Use

Rough grass and trees.

Current Use:
Woodland  
Commercial Forestry Plantation  
Parkland  
Pasture (Grazing)  
Arable  
Scrub/Bracken  
Bare Outcrop  
Heather/Moorland  
Heath  
Built-up  
Coastal Grassland  
Other  

Landscape

Hillfort Type

Small oval hillslope fort located on N side of Kilvey Hill, Swansea, near to Carn Nicolas hilfort (0.35km) and overlooking River Tawe. Moderate to strong surrounding slopes.

Type:
Contour Fort  
Partial Contour Fort  
Promontory Fort  
Hillslope Fort  
Level Terrain Fort  
Marsh Fort  
Multiple Enclosure Fort  

Topographic Position

Position:
Hilltop  
Coastal Promontory  
Inland Promontory  
Valley Bottom  
Knoll/Hillock/Outcrop  
Ridge  
Cliff/Plateau-edge/Scarp  
Hillslope  
Lowland  
Spur  

Dominant Topographic Feature:  Hillslope

Aspect:
North  
Northeast  
East  
Southeast  
South  
Southwest  
West  
Northwest  
Level  

Altitude:  107.0m

Boundary

N/A


Dating Evidence

Sherd of mid second century AD Samian ware beneath inner bank.

Reliability:  C - Low

Principal Activity:
Pre 1200BC  
1200BC - 800BC  
800BC - 400BC  
400BC - AD50  
AD50 - AD400  
AD400 - AD 800  
Post AD800  
Unknown  

Other Activity:
Pre Hillfort:   None
Post Hillfort:   None

Evidence:
Artefactual:   Sherd of Samian ware.

Investigation History

RCAHMW investigation 1961. Excavation by B. Morris for Gower Society and Royal Institution of South Wales 1960's. GGAT Prehistoric defended enclosures in Glamorgan survey 2005.

Investigations:
Other (1961):   RCAHMW investigation.
Other (2005):   GGAT Prehistoric defended enclosures in Glamorgan survey.
Excavation (None):   B. Morris for Gower Society and Royal Institution of South Wales - no details.

Interior Features

Sherd of mid second century AD Samian ware beneath inner bank.

Water Source

Stream 0.7km outside fort.

Source:
None  
Spring  
Stream  
Pool  
Flush  
Well  
Other  

Surface

None

Interior Features (Surface):
No Known Features  
Round Stone Structures  
Rectangular Stone Structures  
Curvilinear Platforms  
Other Roundhouse Evidence  
Pits  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  

Excavation

None

Interior Features (Excavation):
No Known Excavation  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Geophysics

None

Interior Features (Geophysics):
No Known Geophysics  
Pits  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Roads/Tracks  
Quarry Hollows  
Other  
Nothing Found  

Finds

Sherd of mid second century AD Samian ware beneath inner bank.

Interior (Finds):
No Known Finds  
Pottery  
Metal  
Metalworking  
Human Bones  
Animal Bones  
Lithics  
Environmental  
Other  

Aerial

None

Interior Features (Aerial):
APs Not Checked  
None  
Roundhouses  
Rectangular Structures  
Pits  
Postholes  
Roads/Tracks  
Other  

Entrances

No entrance defined.

Total Number of Breaks Through Ramparts:  
0:   None

Number of Possible Original Entrances:  
2:   None

Guard Chambers:  

Chevaux de Frise:  

Entrances:No related records

Enclosing Works

At present defined by low bank and shallow ditch, best on W where to bank only 0.5m high and only 7m overall. On N field bank confuses interpretation, and bank could have been obliterated here. On S bank very faint and spread and on E gone. However,excavation by B. Morris for Gower Society and Royal Institution of South Wales suggests two banks with medial flat-bottomed ditch.

Enclosed Area:
Area 1:   0.25ha.
Total:   0.25ha.

Total Footprint Area:  Noneha.

Ramparts

None

Multi-period Enclosure System:
✗   None

Ramparts Form a Continuous Circuit:
✗   Excavation suggests two banks with medial flat-bottomed ditch.

Number of Ramparts:  
NE Quadrant:   0
SE Quadrant:   0
SW Quadrant:   1
NW Quadrant:   0
Total:   1

Morphology

Current Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  
Unknown  

Detailed Morphology:
Partial Univallate  
Univallate  
Partial Bivallate  
Bivallate  
Partial Multivallate  
Multivallate  

Surface Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Surface):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Rubble  
Wall-walk  
Evidence of Timber  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
Other  

Excavated Evidence

None

Enclosing Works (Excavation):
None  
Earthen Bank  
Stone Wall  
Murus Duplex  
Timber-framed  
Timber-laced  
Vitrification  
Other Burning  
Palisade  
Counter Scarp Bank  
Berm  
Unfinished  
No Known Excavation  
Other  

Other

Gang Working:
✗   None

Ditches:
✓   None

Number of Ditches:  1

Annex:
✗   None

References

Gerrard, C., Wiggins, H., and Evans, E. 2006. Prehistoric defended enclosures in Glamorgan with recommendations for fieldwork: Year 3 Report, GGAT Report No. 2006/089, Project No. GGAT78, Swansea: GGAT.

RCAHMW 1976. An inventory of the ancient monuments in Glamorgan, Vol I: Pre-Norman, Part II The Iron Age and the Roman occupation, No. 650, Cardiff: HMSO.



Terms of Use

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 and should be cited as:

Lock, Gary and Ralston, Ian. 2024. Atlas of Hillforts of Britain and Ireland. Available at: https://hillforts.arch.ox.ac.uk


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